Design And Test On Fertilizer Applicator Based On Microbial Granular Fertilizer

Grain is the most basic material condition for people’s survival and development,and as a large agricultural and populous country,China’s demand for grain is increasing.However,the backward development of fertilizer machinery has limited the high-yield and high-quality development of grain crops.Meanwhile,the improper use of fertilizers has led to a decline in soil quality,imbalanced microbial communities,and further problems such as crop residues.The application of composite microbial fertilizers not only improves soil fertility and significantly increases the yield and quality of food crops,but also enhances fertilizer utilization and promotes the sustainable development of food crop cultivation.This article designs a variable fertilizer applicator for the application of microbial granular fertilizer based on the double-row pneumatic seeder,to solve problems such as blindness,arbitrariness,and instability in manual application of microbial granular fertilizers.The fertilizer applicator can be adjusted according to the fertilization requirements of different crops to achieve precision fertilization,while reducing fertilizer costs and improving fertilizer utilization.The main research content of this article is as follows:1.A series of tests are conducted to determine the material characteristics of the microbial granular fertilizer used.Test instruments such as the DIK-1150 soil three-phase meter,inclinometer,and TMS-Pro texture analyzer are used to measure physical parameters such as the density,moisture content,angle of repose,coefficient of friction,elastic modulus,bulk modulus,and shear modulus of the fertilizer particles,providing design basis for the key components of the fertilizer applicator and simulation.2.The key components of the fertilizer applicator are designed and optimized.The fertilizer applicator designed in this experiment is mainly composed of a fertilizer storage box,a fertilizer spreading module,and a transmission system.Solidworks software is used to create a 3D model of the fertilizer applicator,which is then imported into EDEM discrete element software for simulation to simulate the movement of the fertilizer in the storage box and the entire fertilizer spreading process,and the data analysis verifies that the fertilizer applicator meets the requirements for use.3.After manufacturing a sample processing machine,a soil trough test was conducted to evaluate its fertilization performance.The impact of different processing conditions on crushing rate,fertilization output,and plant spacing were analyzed,and three factors with significant effects were selected for further analysis: agitating wheel(A),fertilizing wheel shape(B),and forward speed(C),each with three levels.The results were analyzed using Design-Expert software for response surface analysis,and the optimal conditions were determined to be a cylindrical agitating wheel,a trapezoidal groove fertilizing wheel shape,and a forward speed of 1.16 m/s.Additionally,the consistency of fertilization output was evaluated by calculating the coefficient of variation for each trial’s average output,which was found to be 3.13%.The coefficient of variation for the total fertilization output was0.84%,which met the standard requirements for agricultural and machinery applications.The research results of this experiment provide research ideas and data support for solving the problem of fertilizer substitution for grain crops and precise variable fertilizer spreading,and have broad application prospects.