Research On The Device And Control System For Applying Granular Fertilizer To Red Bean

With the development of smart agriculture and green agriculture,the composition ratio of fertilizer and fertilization mode are changing at present.The research and promotion of new agricultural production mode with low input and high return have promoted the research of agriculture-related fertilization technology.Based on the related theories of hole fertilization technology and control system,this paper studied and designed a set of red bean hole fertilization control system for small farmland.The hole fertilization effect was completed by controlling the rotation speed of fertilizer discharging motor and the movement of fertilizer discharging solenoid valve,and the synchronization of fertilizer planting was realized by using infrared monitoring device.This paper mainly carries out the following research:(1)The material characteristics of urea fertilizer particles were determined to determine the main structural parameters of the vertical spiral fertilizer discharge device.Firstly,the model of fertilizer discharging mechanism was established by using 3D modeling software Solidworks,and the granular fertilizer model and fertilizer discharging model were established by EDEM software.Discrete element simulation and analysis were carried out on the movement process of granular fertilizer under different working parameters of fertilizer discharging device.Taking the outer diameter of the blade,the pitch of the blade and the rotational speed of the screw shaft as experimental factors,and the quantity and stability of the fertilizer discharge in the fertilizer collection area as experimental indexes,the fertilizer discharge performance was studied.(2)Design the overall structure of the hole fertilization test device and select the structural devices of each part,and complete the circuit module construction of the test device and control system.The Simulink simulation mathematical model of fertilizer discharge DC motor is constructed,and the simulation effects of PID and fuzzy PID control strategies are analyzed and compared in this module.The results show that the fuzzy PID control strategy is more stable and reliable for DC motor control.(3)The data of discrete element simulation test and actual test are compared and analyzed.The results show that the simulation mathematical model of vertical spiral fertilizer exhauster is reliable and has high feasibility and effectiveness.Using multi-factor orthogonal rotation combination test schemes to the related parameters in the test apparatus(fat screw shaft speed,speed of movement of the spiral blade pitch and test device)for the influencing factors,and for distributing device row of fertilizer consumption coefficient of variation measures,according to test data available to each influence factors on the stability of distributing coefficient of variation degree of the influence of the size and the optimal parameter combination.(4)Laboratory test and field test were carried out on the optimized device.The variation range of fertilizer discharge amount in each hole was within the theoretical calculation value,the average variation coefficient of fertilizer discharge stability was lower than the national standard of 7.8%,and the qualified index of the distance between fertilizer holes met the agronomic requirements.The overall test data showed that the main technical performance indexes of the red bean hole fertilization device and control system met the agronomic indexes and design requirements.