Identification And Evaluation Of Pleurotus Pulmonarius Germplasm Resources

Pleurotus pulmonarius favored by consumers because of its crisp and tender meat,good taste,rich protein,amino acids,polysaccharides and anti-tumor active components.In recent years,it has become a rookie of edible fungi and has good development prospects.It is one of the main edible fungi planted in Hunan Province.At present,the phenomenon of "same name,different name and different species" of Pleurotus pulmonarius in production is more serious,and the quality of strains is uneven,which affects the development of Pleurotus pulmonarius industry.In view of the current situation of the evaluation of Pleurotus ostreatus germplasm resources,the identification of agronomic characters and the lag of genetic research,it is necessary to establish a technical system for the identification and evaluation of germplasm resources,screen excellent germplasm resources and establish a Core Germplasm Bank,which provides a scientific basis for large-scale industrialized cultivation and hybrid breeding.In this study,12 strains were identified by means of antagonistic test,its identification and ISSR Molecular Markers to determine their genetic relationship;Based on the comparative analysis of mycelial growth characteristics,growth temperature,extracellular enzyme activity,mycelial biomass and fruiting characteristics,morphology,yield and quality,the germplasm resources of Pleurotus ostreatus were comprehensively evaluated.Excellent strains suitable for industrialized cultivation and hybrid parents with complementary excellent characters were selected.The research results are as follows:The results showed that strain C4 was P.ostreatus,and the other strains were p.pulmonarius.Through the cluster analysis of its phylogenetic tree,12 strains can be divided into 5 categories,of which strain C4 is a separate category.According to ISSR cluster analysis,when the similarity coefficient is 0.57,the strains can be divided into five categories,of which the first category is V8 and V9;Class II: V4,V11;Class III: V6,V7,C2;Class IV: C3,V5,V10;Class V: C1.Seven strains C1,C2,C3,V5,V7,V8 and V11 with relatively far genetic relationship were used for comprehensive germplasm resource evaluation.Seven strains were inoculated in solid PDA medium and liquid medium respectively,and the mycelial growth rate,growth potential,extracellular enzyme activity and temperature adaptability were evaluated.The results showed that the tested strains could grow at 10 ℃ 1 40 ℃,and the optimum temperatures were 25 ℃ and 30 ℃.The mycelial growth rate,growth potential and enzyme activity of strains C2,V8 and V11 were better than other strains,and could grow normally at 10 ℃ 1 40 ℃;Strain C3 can adapt to high temperature,and the liquid culture character is good,and the mycelial bulb is very dry.Under the same cultivation conditions,the cultivation and fruiting experiments of 7tested strains were carried out,their agronomic characters were comprehensively evaluated,and they were divided into several types.According to the characteristics of mushroom production,strains V8 and V11 were early maturing strains;Strains C3,C1 and C2 were medium mature strains;Strains V7 and V5 were late maturing strains.According to the shape of fruiting body: strains C1,C3,V8 and V11 have thick cap,thick stipe,large and neat mushroom body,and a large proportion of primary mushrooms.More in line with market demand.Strains C1,V5 and V7 are small mushrooms with thin cap,thin stipe and small proportion of primary mushrooms.According to the yield,strains C3,V8 and V11 belong to high-yield strains;C1 and C2 belong to middle-class strains;Strains V5 and V7 belong to low yield strains.According to the nutritional quality,strains C2,V8 and V11 are high-quality strains with rich nutritional quality;Strains V5 and V7 are general strains with relatively poor nutritional quality.In this experiment,C2 and V8 strains with distant genetic relationship and complementary advantages were selected as hybrid parents;Strain C3 has high first tide yield and high temperature resistance,and can be used for industrial production;The growth temperature range of strain V11 is large.It has good characters and good development prospects.