Composition Analysis Of “Flavonoids From Scutellaria Baicalensis” And Its Effect On Growth Performance And Cecal Microbe Of Mice

The dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis,a traditional Chinese medicine,was first recorded in Shennong’s Herbal Classic of Materia Medica.Baicalin is the main active component of S.baicalensis.After the extraction and production of baicalin,the waste liquid containing a large number of flavonoids(flavonoids from S.baicalensis)is directly discharged,which not only pollute the environment,but also causes a serious waste of resources.Therefore,the rational development and utilization of flavonoids from S.baicalensis can not only avoid the above problems,but also realize the reuse of waste and bring certain economic benefits.In this study,S.baicalensis flavone characteristic map was constructed,S.baicalensis flavone compounds were identified by mass spectrometry,antioxidant effect of S.baicalensis flavone was evaluated by in vitro antioxidant test,and growth promoting function of S.baicalensis flavone was evaluated in mouse model.The main results were as follows:(1)According to the method of High Performance Liquid Chromatography(HPLC)in Veterinary Pharmacopeia People’s Republic China(General Rule 0512),HPLC characteristic chromatogram of flavonoids from S.baicalensis was established by gradient elution.Based on different retention times,8 common characteristic peaks with good responses were selected.the characteristic peaks of baicalin,baicalein,wogonoside,wogonin were determined by standard chromatogram ratio.The characteristic peaks of chrysin-6-C-arabinoside-8-C-glucoside,chrysin-6-Carabinoside-8-C-glucoside,salicin-7-O-glucuronoside,melaleucine A side,were determined by referring to relevant literatures and mass spectrometry data.The chromatographic peak of baicalin was taken as the reference peak(S),and the relative retention time of the other 7 characteristic peaks was set as 0.513,0.569,1.267,1.446,1.597,1.872 and 2.104,respectively.(2)The chemical constituents of flavonoids from S.baicalensis were determined by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS on X-Aqua C18 column(150×2.1 mm,5.0 μm).Elution system: aqueous phase(A)0.1% formic acid water,organic phase(B)0.1% formic acid acetonitrile,mass spectrometry data were collected in negative ion mode.The Qualitative Navigator B.08.00 software was used to analyze the primary and secondary mass information of each chromatographic peak as well as the relative molecular weight,molecular formula and characteristic fragment ions.Based on related literatures,the flavonoid components of scuqin were analyzed and identified,and the structures of 60 flavonoids were predicted.Among them,baicalin,baicalin,baicalin and baicalin were confirmed by direct comparison with the retention time,UV spectrum and fragment status information of standard substance.Based on the secondary mass spectrometry data,the structures of compounds such as chrysin-6-C-glucosid-8-Carabinoside,baicalin and wogonin were predicted and analyzed.(3)DPPH,ABTS and FRAP antioxidant tests were used to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of flavonoids from S.baicalensis.The results showed that the scavenging rate of DPPH free radical was above 95% at the concentration of 0.2-0.8 mg/m L.The total antioxidant capacity of FRAP and ABTS were 20.09 mmol/g and 22.50 mmol/g,respectively.Flavonoids from S.baicalensis have strong antioxidant activity.(4)The effects on growth performance,blood antioxidant and cecal microbe of flavonoids from S.baicalensis were studied by feeding mice for 28 days.The results showed that the body weight of the mice was significantly increased by intragastric administration of flavonoids from S.baicalensis.Compared with the control group,the average daily feed intake(P< 0.05);The activity of total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)in serum of the low-dose group and the high-dose group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P< 0.05),the serum malondialdehyde level in low-dose,medium-dose and high-dose flavonoids from S.baicalensis groups was significantly lower than that in control group(P< 0.05);Compared with the control group,the cecal microbe Sobs and Bootstrap index of mice in the low-dose and high-dose flavonoids from S.baicalensis groups were significantly decreased(P< 0.05),Chao and Ace indices significantly decreased(P< 0.01);Actinobacteriota of mice in flavonoids from S.baicalensis medium dose group were significantly increased(P< 0.05),Verrucomicrobiota significantly increased(P< 0.01),Deferribacterota of flavonoids from S.baicalensis high-dose group was significantly decreased(P< 0.001);Akkermansia in cecum of mice with high dose of flavonoids from S.baicalensis increased significantly(P< 0.01),the Norank_f__Ruminococcaceae and anaerobic coccaceae in caecum of mice in S.baicalensis flavone medium dose group were significantly decreased(P< 0.05),and Prevotella in caecum was significantly decreased in flavonoids from S.baicalensis high-dose group(P< 0.05).In conclusion,flavonoids from S.baicalensis can improve the growth performance,antioxidant function and cecal microflora of mice,and the growth promoting effect of 50 mg/kg-BW flavonoids from S.baicalensis is the best in mice.