| This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of oregano essential oil and organic acid supplementation on growth performance,antioxidant capacity and intestinal microflora of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens.A total of 480 one-day-old Guangxi Sanhuang chickens(female)were randomly divided into 4 treatment groups with 6 replicates per group and 20 chickens per replicate.They were fed A basal diet in group CON(control group),group A(basal diet +400mg/kg oregano essential oil),group B(basal diet +2000mg/kg oregano essential oil +2000mg/kg organic acid)and group C(basal diet +400mg/kg oregano essential oil +2000mg/kg organic acid).The experiment lasted for 42 days and was mainly divided into four research contents.The test results are as follows:Test 1: Effects of Oregano essential oil and organic acid on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Guangxi Sanhuang ChickensCompared with CON group,the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens from 1 to 21 days in groups A,B and C were significantly increased(P < 0.05),and the supplementation of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil had a better effect.The nutrient availability of crude protein of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens was significantly increased(P < 0.01),and the supplementation of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil and 2000mg/kg organic acid had better effects.From the perspective of economic benefit alone,adding 2000mg/kg organic acids is better.Test 2: Effects of Oregano essential oil and organic acid on blood indexes of Guangxi Sanhuang ChickensCompared with CON group,groups A,B and C significantly increased the serum TP of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens on 21 days(P < 0.05),and the supplementation of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil had a better effect,and significantly increased the ALB content of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens on 21days(P < 0.01).The supplementation of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil and2000mg/kg organic acid had better effects,and both significantly increased the contents of BUN,AST and ALT in serum(P < 0.01).Compared with CON group,the ALB content of 42 d Guangxi Sanhuang chickens in groups A,B and C was significantly increased(P < 0.05),and the supplementation of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil and 2000mg/kg organic acid was better,and the contents of BUN,AST and ALT in serum were significantly increased(P < 0.01).The AST/ALT was significantly decreased(P < 0.01),and the supplementation of400mg/kg oregano essential oil and 2000mg/kg organic acid had the most obvious effect.Compared with CON group,groups A,B and C significantly increased the serum T-AOC,SOD and CAT(P < 0.01),and significantly increased the serum GSH-PX of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens on 21 days(P < 0.05).Compared with CON group,groups A,B and C significantly increased the contents of T-AOC,SOD,GSH-PX and CAT in serum of 42 d Guangxi Sanhuang chickens(P < 0.01),and groups A and C significantly decreased the content of MDA in serum of 42 d Guangxi Sanhuang chickens(P < 0.01).In summary,The addition of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil and 2000mg/kg organic acid is better.Compared with the control group,the contents of IL-1β,IL-4,IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and i NOS in serum of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens at 21 and 42 days in groups A,B and C were significantly decreased(P < 0.01).The supplementation of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil and 2000mg/kg organic acid group showed a better reduction effect.Test 3: Effects of Oregano essential oil and organic acid on intestinal development and structural morphology of Guangxi Sanhuang ChickensCompared with the control group,groups A,B and C significantly increase the length of ileum of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens(P < 0.05),and the supplementation of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil and 2000mg/kg organic acid groups had better effects,and significantly improve the duodenal chorioto-to-conceal ratio of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens(P < 0.05),and the supplementation of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil group was better.Groups C could increase the villus height of duodenum(P < 0.05),both of which could significantly increase the contents of lipase and trypsin in duodenum,jejunum and ileum(P < 0.01).The amylase content in duodenum and jejunum was significantly increased(P < 0.01),and the amylase content in ileum was significantly increased(P < 0.05),and the supplementation groups with400mg/kg oregano essential oil and 2000mg/kg organic acids had better effects.Test 4: Effects of Oregano essential oil and organic acids on cecal short-chain fatty acids and intestinal microflora of Guangxi Sanhuang ChickensCompared with CON group,groups A,B and C significantly increased acetic acid secretion in caecum of Guangxi Sanhuang chickens(P < 0.05),and extremely significantly increased valeric acid secretion(P < 0.01),groups A and B extremely significantly increased propionic acid secretion(P < 0.01),and group C significantly increased propionic acid secretion(P < 0.05).Groups A and B significantly increased butyric acid secretion(P < 0.05),group C significantly increased butyric acid secretion(P < 0.01),group B and C significantly increased isovalerate acid secretion(P < 0.01),in summary,the addition of 400mg/kg oregano essential oil and 2000mg/kg organic acids is better.Compared with the control group,groups A,B and C could increase Firmicutila/Bacteroidetes ratio at phylum level(P < 0.05),and reduce the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Mycoides at genus level(P < 0.05),which was more obvious in 400mg/kg Oregano essential oil group.At the phylum level,valeric acid was positively correlated with flexicutes and verrucobacteria.Propionic acid was positively correlated with Clostridium;Butyric acid was positively correlated with myxobacteria.At the genus level,acetic acid was negatively correlated with Lactobacillus.Propionic acid was negatively correlated with Clostridium erysipelas,Ruminococcus and Clostridium Latella.Isobutyric acid was negatively correlated with Prevotella.Valeric acid was negatively correlated with Clostridium and Lactobacillus.In conclusion,under the conditions of this experiment,the addition of oregano essential oil and organic acid has positive effects on growth performance,nutrient utilization,serum protein content and serum antioxidant capacity,reduces serum proinflammatory factor content and malonaldehyde content,improves intestinal development and structural morphology,increases cecal short-chain fatty acid secretion,and can regulate the abundance of cecal microflora.Considering the economic benefits of this experiment,2000mg/kg of organic acids is better,and combining various indexes,400mg/kg of oregano essential oil and 2000mg/kg of organic acids are better for poultry production..The above results provide data support for the combined application of oregano essential oil and organic acids in poultry breeding under the background of anti-resistance. |
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