Effects Of Selenium-Enriched Straw On The Yield, Quality And Selenium Content Of Stropharia Rugosoannulata

Stropharia rugosoannulata has the characteristics of strong impurity resistance,wide source of cultivation materials and rich nutrition,and can effectively convert agricultural wastes such as straw into economic products,so it has been developed rapidly in recent years.Selenium is an essential trace element for normal physiological activities of the human body obtained mainly from food.In recent years,in order to meet the market demand,the planting area of selenium-enriched rice has increased continually,and the corresponding straw is mostly used as organic material to return to the field.Previous studies have found that stropharia rugosoannulata has the ability to enrich selenium,and this study has attempted to use selenium-enriched straw to produce stropharia rugosoannulata,and thus convert the selenium in the straw into mushroom products and provide technical support for the effective use of selenium-enriched straw.In order to investigate the effects of selenium-enriched straw on the yield,quality and selenium content of stropharia rugosoannulata,the experiment was conducted from November 2021 to May 2022 under the conditions of field in Xiapeng Village,Huaqiao Town,Wuxue City,Hubei Province.Two sowing batches were set up on November 12and November 27,and each sowing batch was equipped with 4 culture material formula treatments,including ordinary straw(CK),ordinary straw+rice bran(PK),selenium-enriched straw(FN),selenium-enriched straw+rice bran(FK),with a plot area of 9.6 m~2and four biological replicates.The main results are as follows:1.The fruiting speed of stropharia rugosoannulata differs among culture materials,and the shape and weight of individual mushrooms also varied significantly among culture materials.Compared with ordinary straw,selenium-enriched straw cultivation material could accelerate the fruiting speed of stropharia rugosoannulata,which can be shortened by 3.5 d,and fruited at 109.4 d after sowing.The diameter of the mushroom stipe produced by selenium-enriched straw was significantly lower than that of ordinary straw,and the stipe diameter of the former was 22.03 mm.After rice bran was added to the auxiliary materials,the fresh weight of stropharia rugosoannulata cultivated by selenium-enriched straw of first sowing was significantly reduced by 7.29%.the fresh of fruiting bodied per bag and stipe diameter of stropharia rugosoannulata cultivated by ordinary straw in the first batch were significantly reduced by 19.43%and 10.04%,and the pileus diameter of the third flush was significantly reduced by 11.91%.In the second batch,the fresh fruiting bodied per bag,stipe and pileus diameter of the third flush sown in selenium-enriched straw increased significantly by 36.42%,10.72%and 16.91%,respectively,and the fresh fruiting bodied per bag in the second flush cultivated by ordinary straw was significantly increased by 9.36%.2.The total yield of stropharia rugosoannulata cultivated with selenium-enriched straw was 10.17 kg/m~2,which was significantly higher than that of ordinary straw by18.67%.After adding rice bran,the yield of stropharia rugosoannulata sown in the first batch was 8.49 kg/m~2,which was significantly higher than that of ordinary straw by34.76%.The yield and high-quality mushroom yield of the second batch were 13.37kg/m~2and 4.47 kg/m~2,which were significantly higher than those of ordinary straw by16.36%and 23.48%,respectively.The yield of stropharia rugosoannulata in the first flush was significantly higher than that in the second flush for both sown batches.3.Selenium-enriched straw had little effect on the nutritional quality indicators such as crude protein and crude polysaccharides of stropharia rugosoannulata,but significantly increased the content of ash.The content of ash in the third flush cultivated by selenium-enriched straw was 12.61%,which was significantly higher than that of ordinary straw by 6.77%.4.The selenium content and selenium yield of stropharia rugosoannulata cultivated in selenium-enriched straw were 2.379 mg/kg and 1.14 mg/m~2,which were significantly higher than those in ordinary straw by 85.88%and 147.83%,respectively.After adding rice bran,the selenium content and selenium yield were 2.469 mg/kg and 1.47 mg/m~2,which were significantly higher than those in ordinary straw by 62.11%and 127.13%,respetively.Adding rice bran to the auxiliary material had little effect on the content of selenium,but significantly increased the selenium yield of stropharia rugosoannulata cultivated by selenium-enriched straw.After adding rice bran,the selenium yields of the both batches cultivated by selenium-enriched straw were 0.73 mg/m~2and 2.25 mg/m~2,respectively.In addition,the selenium yield of stropharia rugosoannulata in the first flush was significantly higher than that of in the last two flush for both sown batches.In summary,cultivating stropharia rugosoannulata by selenium-enriched straw could accelerate the fruiting speed,and increase the yield,selenium content and selenium yield of stropharia rugosoannulata.Adding rice bran as an auxiliary material to selenium-enriched straw could increase the yield and selenium yield of stropharia rugosoannulata.