Analysis Of Intestinal Flora Difference Between High-yield And Low-yield Taihang Chickens Based On High-throughput Sequencing Technology

Taihang chicken is an excellent local breed in Hebei Province.Its resistance to disease and coarse feeding is strong,but its low egg-laying performance hinders the development of industrialization of Taihang chicken.Intestinal symbiotic microbial diversity and flora abundance can maintain the health of poultry and improve the performance of poultry.However,the mechanism of the composition of intestinal microbial community on the laying performance of chickens remains unclear.Therefore,this study took Taihang chicken duodenal microorganisms as the research object,and used 16 S rRNA amplification sequencing technology to explore the difference of Taihang chicken duodenal flora at high and low egg production levels,so as to provide data basis and theoretical basis for using biotechnology to improve the economic benefits of poultry breeding industry..1.Study on the composition of gut microbiota in chickens at different egg production levels.Ten Taihang chickens of 42 weeks of age with high egg level(H)and low egg level(L)were slaughtered and duodenal contents were collected.The 16 S rRNA V4 region of microorganisms was analyzed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics.The results showed that a total of 1 361 341 high-quality sequences were obtained from the DNA sequencing of Taihang chicken duodenal intestinal microbes at different egg production levels,and were clustered into 2055 OTUs,of which 96.50% and 57.30% were annotated to the phylum and genus levels respectively.At the phylum level,Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Cyanobacteria and Bacteroidetes were the main microbial dominant species in the duodenum of Taihang chickens.The relative abundance ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes(F/B)in group H was lower than that in group L;On the genus level,the dominant bacterial genera in intestinal microbes are mainly Lactobacillus,Bacteroides,Faecalibacterium,Enterococcus and Romboutsia,etc The relative abundance of Bacteroides,Enterococcus and Faecalibacterium in group H was was higher than that in group L,and the relative abundance of Romboutsia in group H was lower than that in group L.The above studies indicate that there are significant differences in the relative abundance of microbial genera in the duodenum of Taihang chickens at different egg production levels.2.Comparative analysis of the diversity and composition of gut microbiota in chickens at different egg production levels.Alpha Diversity and Beta Diversity analysis were used to compare the intestinal microbial community composition of chickens with different laying levels.The results showed that the Observed species and Shannon indices of intestinal microbial communities in group H were higher than those in group L,but the differences were not significant.Similarly,Principal Co-ordinates Analysis(PCo A),Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and Non-Metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling(NMDS)showed no significant difference in intestinal microbial β diversity between group H and group L.Unweighted Pair-group Method with Arithmetic Mean(UPGMA)analysis,Beta diversity index,Anosim analysis of nonparametric test and Simper analysis further showed that the intestinal microbial composition of group H and group L was similar.The above research results show that there is no significant difference in the microbial diversity and composition of the duodenum of Taihang chickens at different egg production levels,indicating that under the same feeding conditions,the biodiversity of the same breed of laying hens is conserved.3.Differential species analysis and functional prediction of gut microbiota in chickens at different egg production levels.LEf Se was used to analyze the differential species of intestinal microorganisms in chickens with different laying performance,Network was further used to analyze the correlation between the differential species of intestinal microorganisms and other species,and Tax4 Fun was used to predict the function of intestinal microbial community.The results showed that the relative abundance of Enterococcus in group H was significantly higher than that in group L.There was a negative correlation between Enterococcus and Lactobacillus,and the intestinal microorganisms of group H were more involved in the metabolic process.The above results showed that the Enterococcus in the duodenum of Taihang chickens in the high-yield group could improve the production performance of the host through the metabolic process,which could be used as a marker of intestinal microorganisms to improve the egg production performance of Taihang chickens..In conclusion,differences in intestinal microbial community composition,microbial species and metabolic function of intestinal flora of chickens affect the production performance of poultry to some extent..This study provides biomarkers for improving poultry performance and theoretical research for analyzing the molecular mechanism of intestinal microorganisms affecting poultry performance.