Study On Biological Characteristics And Artificial Domestication Of A Sparassis Subalpina

The edible and medicinal value of wild mushroom are rare resources.It is imperative to develop and utilize wild mushroom resources reasonably.At the same time,implementing the"one area,one library,and five reservoirs"approach proposed by Academician Li Yu and establishing a corresponding microbial diversity protection system are of great significance for expanding the wild mushroom germplasm resource bank and improving germplasm resource protection,and can promote the rational development of mushroom resources.This study used morphological observation combined with molecular biology methods to isolate,identify,and purify wild Sparassis subalpine collected in the field;On this basis,the biological characteristics of its purified mycelium were studied,and mutant strains of mycelium were screened through UV irradiation mutagenesis;Studied the antibacterial activity of mycelium,screened strains with better antibacterial effects,and conducted artificial cultivation experiments.The main research findings are as follows:（1）The taxonomic status of strain XQ-1 was determined by a combination of morphological and molecular biological identification.The results showed that strain XQ-1 belongs to Basidiomycota、Basidiomycetes、Polyporales、Sparassidaceae、Sparassis、Sparassis subalpina.（2）The biological characteristics of XQ-1 strain were preliminarily investigated using CPDA（Hu Song）medium as the experimental medium,using a solid medium culture method.The experimental results showed that the optimal carbon source for XQ-1 strain’s mycelium was fructose,and the optimal nitrogen source was malt leaching powder,with the optimal p H value between 6.0 and 6.5;The optimal inorganic salt is magnesium sulfate,and the growth potential is best when the growth factors vitamin C and vitamin B1 are added at 20mg·L^-1.The optimal growth temperature is 21℃.The test results of artificial domestication and cultivation of XQ-1 strain showed that the most suitable cultivation material formula of XQ-1 strain was flour,glutinous rice flour,highland barley flour,three additives+pine sawdust+bran+carrot sap and other nutrients.XQ-1 strain mycelium grew well on the above culture materials.The bottle was full in 48 days,and the average growth rate was 0.26 cm·d^-1.The artificially cultivated fruiting body was with middle stalks,many branches,up to 10-12 cm in diameter,10-13 cm in diameter,and the bacterial flap was milky white,Edge wavy;The fruit body yield and biological efficiency were 52.15g/bottle and 14.20%,respectively.（3）The extracellular enzyme activity was investigated,and its activity principle was analyzed from hydroxymethyl cellulase,laccase,xylanase,and amylase.The highest activity of hydroxymethyl cellulase was 191.62 U·m L^-1.（4）The results of the UV mutagenesis experiment showed that after a certain period of UV irradiation,three groups of mutated mycelium had better growth speed and vigor than the starting strain,which can be determined as the dominant strain.（5）The results of artificial cultivation and mushroom production test showed that XQ-1 strain grew faster,formed the primordium faster,and matured the fruiting body faster in the culture medium supplemented with flour,glutinous rice flour,and highland barley flour.