Characterization And Bioactivity Of Secondary Metabolites From Euphorbia Neriifolia And Phyllanthus Flexuosus

Euphorbiaceae belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae,and its subordinate categories has five subfamilies,containing a total of more than 300 genus and more than 8000 species of plants.Among them,the genus Euphorbia and the genus Hypophyllum are rich in medicinal plants,which have a long history of medicinal use.In order to further explore and diverse chemical composition of E.neriifolia,the aerial parts of the plant were systematically investigated in this paper,and a total of twenty six compounds were obtained,including one new compounds,which were identified as diterpenoids,7,12-di-O-acetyl-8-O-tigloylingol(1).The twenty five known compounds obtained from the plant were identified as four diterpenoids,7-O-tigloyl-8-0-methyl-12O-acetylingol(2),3,12-di-O-acetyl-8-O-benzoylingol(3),3,12-di-O-acetyl-8-O-tigloylingol(4),euphorantin I(5)and 16-hydroxy-labda-8(1 7),13-diene-15,19-dioic acid butenolide(6);six triterpenoids,friedelane(7),ursolic acid(8),taraxerol(9),epitaraxerol(10),glutinol(11)and epifridedlinyl acetate(12);one sterol,stigmasterol(13);three flavonoids,acacetin(14),kaempferol(15)and xanthomicrol(16);nine aromatic compounds,4-(4’-dihydroxymethyl phenoxy)benzaldehyde(17),4,4’-diacetoxybenzophenone(18),rel-(3R,3’S,4R,4’S)-3,3’,4,4’tetrahydro-6,6’-dimethoxy[3,3’-bi-2H-benzopyran]-4,4’-diol(19),scopoletin(20),vanillic acid(21),vanillin(22),2,6-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone(23),4-hydroxybenzoic acid(24)and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde,(25);one pentylbutenolide compound,capillasterolide(26).Compounds 1,3-5 and 9 were tested for NO production inhibitory activity,antiproliferative activity and anti-oxidant activity.Among them,compounds 1,3 and 5 showed weak NO production inhibitory activity and compounds 3-5 and 9 both showed moderate antioxidant activity.In order to rich the chemical constituents of P.flexuosus,the 95%ethanol extract of its aerial parts was also systematically isolated,and a total of nineteen known compounds were obtained,including two diterpenoids,ovoideal E(27)and cleistanthol(28);three triterpenoids,3-oxo-21 α-hydroxy friedelane(29),ursolic acid(8)and friedelin(30);one sterol,β-sitosterol(31);one flavonoid,naringenin(32);eleven aromatic compounds,ethyl gallate(33),ethyl protocatechuate(34),protocatechuic acid(35),gallic acid(36),1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde(37),vanillic acid(21),3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid(38),4-hydroxybenzaldehyde(25),4-hydroxycinnamic acid(39),cis-4-coumaric acid(40)and 3-hydroxy-4-methoxycinnamaldehyde(41);1 pentenyl butyrolactone:5-hydroxyl-3,4-dimethy-5-pentyl-2(5H)-furanone(42).