Changes Of Autonomic Nervous Function And Its Influencing Factors In Patients With Essential Hypertension

Background:The pathogenesis of hypertension is complex.Some researches showed that hypertension is closely related to the dysfunction of autonomic nervous system.Analyzing the changes of autonomic nervous function and the related influencing factors in patients with essential hypertension will be helpful to explore the pathogenesis of hypertension.Understanding the characteristics of the autonomic nervous function of patients with essential hypertension in different ages and genders will provide the necessary theoretical basis for the early prevention and control of hypertension.The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of various indexes of cardiac autonomic nervous function in hypertensive patients.Methods:This study retrospectively included 373 patients with essential hypertension and 255non-hypertensive patients who met the inclusion criteria during the same period.Cardiac autonomic nervous function indexes such as the deceleration capacity of rate(DC),the total power(TP),the very low frequency(VLF),the low frequency(LF),the high frequency(HF),the standard deviation of the R-R interval index(SDNN),the standard deviation of the 5-min R-R interval mean(SDANN)and the root mean square of successive R-R interval differences(RMSSD)were collected.The index difference of cardiac autonomic nerve function of patients in different subgroups was compared by t-test and Wilcoxon rank-sum test,and the influencing factors and change rules of cardiac autonomic nerve function were studied through regression analysis and scatter plot.Results:1.The mean values of cardiac autonomic nerve function indexes in hypertensive patients were lower than that in non-hypertensive patients(P < 0.001);2.In the young or middle-aged group(< 60 years old),the mean values of cardiac autonomic nerve function index of hypertension patients were lower than that of non-hypertension patients,there was significant difference in statistics(P < 0.01).However,there was no significant difference in all indexes of the elderly group(≥ 60 years old);3.In the non-hypertensive group,the averages of cardiac autonomic nerve function indexes in men were higher these in women,and the difference of the averages among DC,TP and LF were statistically significant(P < 0.05).In the hypertension group,the average of each index in men was higher than that in women,and the difference of the average among TP,VLF,and LF were statistically significant(P<0.05);4.The analysis of multiple linear regression showed that age(SC =-0.372,P <0.001)was negatively correlated with DC in hypertension patients;5.In the non-hypertensive group,the averages of DC and SDANN decreased more significantly with age in females than in males.However,in the hypertension group,this trend with age between male and female was no significant difference.Conclusion:1.Compared with the non-hypertensive group,the cardiac autonomic nervous function of the hypertensive group was significantly damaged,but the difference gradually disappeared along with aging;2.The cardiac autonomic nervous function of human decreased with the age,mainly the decrease of vagus nerve function.3.In the non-hypertensive group,women’s cardiac autonomic nerve function was affected by age more significantly than men.There was no gender difference in the hypertension group.