| Objectives:(1)To understand the incidence and characteristics of workplace violence suffered by clinical nurses,and to clarify the status quo of post-traumatic growth of nurses suffering from workplace violence.(2)To explore the influencing factors of post-traumatic growth of nurses exposed to workplace violence.(3)To clarify the relationship between rumination,social support,coping style,resilience and posttraumatic growth of nurses exposed to workplace violence.Methods:A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was performed.A stratified random-cluster sampling method was used to select 818 clinical registered nurses from 5 hospitals of different types.The research tools included demographic sociology information,the Event Related Rumination Questionnaire(ERRI),the Post-traumatic Growth Rating Scale(C-PTGI),the Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),the Workplace Violence Scale,and the Resilience Scale(CD-RISC).SPSS26.0 was used for statistical description,single factor analysis,correlation analysis and tepwise multiple regression analysis,and AMOS26.0 was used to establish structural equation model.Results:(1)Of the 818 study subjects,351 had experienced workplace violence in the past year,an incidence of 42.9 percent.349,or 42.6percent,had been verbally assaulted;261 people,or 31.8%,had been threatened;77(9.39%)had been physically assaulted;37 of them had been sexually harassed,accounting for 4.51%.In terms of frequency,467people(57.1%)had no experience of workplace violence;Low frequency231,accounting for 28.2%;Middle frequency 105(12.8%);High frequency 15,accounting for 1.8%.(2)The 351 nurses who had experienced workplace violence had an overall score of(52.51 ± 11.77)for post-traumatic growth.New possibilities(10.51 ± 2.86),relationship with others(7.52 ± 2.25),personal strength(8.22 ± 2.25),perception of life(16.59 ± 3.99),self-transformation(9.37±3.24).(3)In general demographic characteristics,different ages(R=0.242,P < 0.001)Marital status(H=24.554,P < 0.001)the title(H =16.943,P = 0.001)working fixed number of year(H = 24.203,P<0.001)were statistically significant.(4)The results of multiple stepwise linear regression analysis showed that divorce or widowhood,head nurse,deputy head nurse,intrusive rumination,purposive rumination had statistically significant effects on posttraumatic growth of nurses.(5)Structural equation model fitting results showed that invasive rumination(β=0.512,P < 0.001)and purposeful rumination(β=0.419,P< 0.001)had direct positive effects on posttraumatic growth.Social support enhances posttraumatic growth by enhancing either intrusive rumination or purposive rumination,and enhances posttraumatic growth through the chain mediating effect of both.Resilience can indirectly affect posttraumatic growth through three chain mediating effects among enhanced social support,purposive rumination,and intrusive rumination.Neither positive coping style nor negative coping style had a direct effect on posttraumatic growth,but negative coping style could enhance posttraumatic growth through enhancing intrusive rumination,and could enhance posttraumatic growth through the chain mediation effect of intrusive rumination and purposive rumination.Positive coping styles reduce purposeful rumination.Conclusions:(1)workplace violence is common among clinical nurses,with an incidence of 42.9%.(2)Nurses exposed to workplace violence have positive psychological changes,and their post-traumatic growth level is medium.The influencing factors of posttraumatic growth level were nurses’ age,marital status,professional title,working years and department.(3)Intrusive rumination and purposive rumination were the direct influencing factors of posttraumatic growth,social support and coping style influenced the level of posttraumatic growth through intrusive rumination and purposive rumination,and psychological resilience influenced the level of posttraumatic growth through social support. |
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