| Suicide is the leading cause of death among adolescents aged 15-19 years,and is also a public health issue.Previous research has shown that 20% of individuals who experience suicidal ideation commit suicide within a year.Suicidal ideation is not only an important predicting factor for suicidal behavior but also the key to diagnose it in intervention.Adolescents are in a turbulent period of development.As their direct living environment and a part of the Microsystem,family has an important impact on adolescents’ physical and mental health.Parenting style refers to the interaction between parents and children.Positive parenting could provide support for adolescents,while negative parenting may impair their development of psychosocial ability,leading to negative mental and behavioral consequences.Therefore,it is always the hot issue of how parenting style would influence adolescent suicidal ideation.Through reviewing the existent studies,it’s not hard to find that most researchers tended to classify parenting styles into positive,negative,authoritative,democratic dimensions,etc.,based on a comprehensive perspective,but little has examined the impact of specific type of parenting styles on suicidal ideation.In addition,previous studies have shown that the influence of family on the psychosocial development of children and adolescents depends on the formation of emotional regulation ability.However,it remains unclear about the potential role of emotional regulation between parenting style and suicidal ideation.Finally,the Family System Theory posits that the parenting behaviors of both parents should be analyzed separately,so that can explore the mutual influence among them.Based on the above reasons,through the relative weight analysis,the current study would first identify the most influential parenting style of the father and mother on adolescent suicide ideation,respectively.Then,we tend to investigate the mechanisms between parenting style and adolescent suicide ideation,and finally explore the interactions between maternal and paternal parenting styles.This paper includes the following three studies:In Study 1,the relative weight analysis was used to investigate the relative influence of different dimensions of parenting styles on adolescent suicidal ideation and to determine the most influential type of maternal and paternal parenting styles.The results showed that:(1)the total contributive variance of parental style on suicidal ideation was 15.7%;(2)maternal rejection(4.3%)was the most related parenting style,followed by paternal rejection(2.8%),paternal warmth(2.7%),maternal overprotection(2.5%),paternal overprotection(1.8%)and maternal warmth(1.5%).The results showed that among the parenting styles of both mothers and fathers,the most two influential factors on adolescent suicidal ideation are maternal and paternal rejection,in which maternal rejection has the strongest effect.Based on Study 1,Study 2 applied two independent multiple mediation models to explore the mediating role of four specific types of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies on the relationship between paternal rejection,maternal rejection,and adolescent suicidal ideation,respectively.The results showed that:(1)both maternal and paternal rejection were positively related to adolescent suicidal ideation,and self-blame,rumination,catastrophizing,and blaming others,however,only catastrophizing was positively significantly associated with suicidal ideation,while blaming others showed the opposite pattern;(2)the indirect effects of maternal and paternal rejection on suicidal ideation through catastrophizing and blame others were significant,in which the mediating effects of catastrophizing were stronger.The results suggested that catastrophizing strategies play a more important role in parental rejection and adolescent suicidal ideation.Future interventions for suicidal ideation could focus on the change of catastrophizing strategies.In Study 3,to explore the interactions of maternal and paternal parenting styles,six independent moderating mediation models were conducted,in which three maternal parenting styles were added as moderators in Study 2 paternal models,respectively,and vice versa.The results showed that:(1)paternal rejection moderated the influence of maternal paternal on suicidal ideation,and also the indirect effects through catastrophizing and blaming others;(2)maternal warmth moderated the indirect effects of paternal rejection through blaming others to suicidal ideation,but had no significant effect on the direct path;(3)maternal overprotection moderates the indirect relationships through catastrophize and blame others,but has no significant effect on the direct path;(4)The influence of paternal rejection,warmth and overprotection on maternal rejection model were consistent with the patterns of how maternal parenting styles influence on paternal models.These findings suggest that the type of parenting style is a more important factor in the interaction than paternal or maternal parenting.In conclusion,the current paper used both relative weight analysis and structural equation model to prove the influence of different parenting styles on adolescent suicidal ideation and also explored the mechanism between parental rejection and adolescent suicidal ideation,as well as the interaction of maternal and paternal parenting styles.The results reveal the importance of parenting style on adolescent suicidal ideation,and further explore the potential role of four specific maladaptive cognitive emotion strategies between them,providing guidance and suggestions for parenting in daily life and future intervention studies. |
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