Correlation Analysis Of Neonatal Rotavirus Infection And Gut Microbiota

Objective : 16 S r DNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the correlation between neonatal rotavirus(RV)infection and gut microbiota,providing a new strategy for the prevention and treatment of neonatal RV infection.Methods: Stool samples of full-term newborns hospitalized in obstetrics and neonatology Department of People’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uyger Autonomous Region from December 2019 to April 2022,were collected.According to RV ELISA results and clinical data,30 RV-negative normal newborn stools(control group,group A),30RV-positive asymptomatic newborn stools(asymptomatic infection group,group B),and30 RV-positive diarrhea newborn stools(diarrhea group,group C)were screened.The 16 S r DNA high-throughput sequencing and difference analysis were performed on these samples,and the dominant intestinal microbiota associated with RV infection was selected.Results: 1.A total of 3692 ASVs were coclustered in the three groups,among which 1,893,1,895 and 1,631 ASVs were clustered in group A,B and C,respectively.The results showed that the intestinal flora richness of group C was lower than that of group A and B.2.Alpha diversity analysis showed that Chao1 and Observed＿otus indexes of group A,group B and group C were significantly different(P=0.010,P=0.006),and the microbiota richness of group C was significantly lower than that of group B and group A(P < 0.05).3.Beta diversity analysis: The results of PCo A and NMDS showed that the bacterial community composition of the three groups was differentiated and representative to some extent;Analysis of similarities showed that the difference between the groups was larger than the difference within the three groups(R > 0),and the grouping was basically reasonable,with observable statistical difference(P < 0.001).4.Composition and structure analysis of intestinal microbiota: At the phylum level,Proteobacteria,Firmicutes,actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes were dominated the three groups,and their relative abundance almost accounted for more than 98% of the total intestinal flora in each group.However,the percentege of their relative abundance in three group was different,but almost same in group A and B,with the order that was Proteobacteria Firmicutes Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes from hight to low.Group C was slightly different,and the order was Proteobacteria Firmicutes Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria.At the genus level,samplesthe of three groups did not contain exactly the same genus,and the relative abundance of the same genus was different in each group.From high to low,the microbiota on top 10 relative abundance(the flora abundance within the group > 1%)were Klebsiella,Rolstonia,Streptococcus,Escherichia Coli-Shigella,Staphylococcus,Bifidobacterium,Enterobacterium,Panthenium,Arthrobacter and Clostridium＿sensu＿stricto1 in group A;and were Klebsiella,Streptococcus,Bifidobacterium,Citrobacter,Escherichia Coli-Shigella,Pantoea,Bacteroides,Veyonia,Enterobacter and Staphylococcus in group B;and were Klebsiella,Citrobacter,Streptococcus,Panthenium,Enterococcus,Prevotella,Escherichia Coli and Shigella,Bifidobacterium,Enterobacterium,and Veyonia,in group C.5.Difference analysis of gut microbiota composition: the phylum level difference analysis showed that there were 9 phyla with statistical significance(P < 0.05)among the three groups,and only Actinomyces had high abundance difference.The relative abundance of Actinomycetes in group A was significantly higher than that in groups B and C(P=0.03,P=0.001).The difference analysis of genus level showed that there were 199 genera with statistical significance among the three groups(P < 0.05).The difference analysis of the top 10 abundance genera showed that the relative abundances of Citrobacter in group B and C were significantly higher than that in group A(P=0.005,P < 0.001),and the relative abundances of Pantoea,Enterobacter and Prevotella in group C were significantly higher than that in groups B and A(P < 0.05),and the relative abundances of Ralstonia,Staphylococcus and Arthrobacter in groups B and C were significantly lower than those in group A(P < 0.05),and the relative abundances of Bacteroides and Veillonella in group B were significantly higher than that in groups C and A(P < 0.05).6.LEf Se analysis of differences in gut microbiota composition :In group A,there were 34 flora with significant abundance differences at phylum,class,order,family,genus and species levels,among which,at the genus level,they were env OPS17,Sphingomonas,Arthrobacter,Enterobacter,Staphylococcus,Methyloversatilis,Ralstonia,and at phylum level,they were none.In group B,there were 40 flora with significant abundance differences at all taxonomic levels,among which,at the phylum level,they were Actinomycetes and Dsulfobacterota;at the genus level,they were Eschella,Desulfovibrio,Edwardsiella,Neisseria,Roseburia,Lachnospiraceae＿NK4A136＿group,Veillonella and Bacteroides.In group C,there were 20 flora with significant differences,among which,at the genus level,they were Prevotella＿9,Pantoea,Citrobacter,Gammaproteobacteria,but at the phylum level,they were none.Conclusions: 1.The bacterial abundance of RV infected diarrhea group was lower than that of RV asymptomatic group and normal control group.2.Citrobacter,Enterobacter,Prevotella and Pantobacter may be related to RV infection,they may play a synergistic role in the occurrence of RV-infected diarrhea,or they may have increased chance in the occurrence of RV-infected diarrhea.Staphylococcus,Bacteroides and Veillonella may play a protective role in RV infection.