Effect Of IMB Model Health Education On Paternal Self-Efficacy Of Support Breastfeeding Of Late Prematurity

Objective:To investigate the status quo of breast-feeding self-efficacy of fathers of late preterm infants,and to explore the changes of breast-feeding self-efficacy,breast-feeding knowledge,behavior and attitude scores,incidence of underlactation and exclusive breast-feeding rate of fathers of late preterm infants under health education based on information-motivational behavioral skills model.The purpose of this study is to provide theoretical and practical evidence for the improvement of late premature fathers’ behavior and skills in support of breastfeeding.Methods:Part I: Cross-Sectional Investigation.From July to October 2021,based on the convenience sampling method,210 fathers of late-term premature infants who were admitted to the NICU ward and third grade children’s hospital in Shanxi Province were selected.To investigate and analyze the self-efficacy of fathers supporting breastfeeding,the current status of infant feeding attitudes and their related influencing factors in late preterm infants by using the General Information Questionnaire,the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale(IIFAS),and the Simplified Formula Scale of Fathers Supporting Breastfeeding Self-efficacy(FBSES-SF).Part II: Quasi-Experimental Research.From November 2021 to February 2022,fathers of late preterm infants who met the exclusion criteria in the neonatology department of a Grade-III children’s hospital in Shanxi Province were selected as subjects by convenience sampling method.Based on the time of admission,the father of late prematurity was divided into two groups: the control group and the experimental group,43 cases.The Control group was given regular parental support for breastfeeding health education,while the control group was given IMB model parental support.The general situation questionnaire was collected on the day of admission,the brief Self-efficacy Scale for fathers in support of breastfeeding(FBSES-SF)was collected on the day of admission,24 hours before discharge,and 1 month after discharge,the maternal milk yield was queried on the 14 th day after delivery,and the breastfeeding method of premature infants was the feeding method received within 24 hours before the survey.The gestational age was adjusted at 40 weeks,3 months and 6 months by telephone enquiry.Finally,SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.The scores of paternal support for breastfeeding self-efficacy Scale-short form(FBSES-SF),the scores of paternal support for breastfeeding knowledge,behavior and attitude,the rate of exclusive breastfeeding of premature infants and the incidence of maternal insufficient lactation at different time points were compared between the two groups.Results:1.Results of cross-sectional survey:(1)The score of late preterm fathers on the self-efficacy Scale(FBSES-SF)in support of breastfeeding was(46.22±10.03).The Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale(IIFAS)score was(59.31±5.65),the preference dimension was(35.25±3.80),and the preference dimension was(24.06 ± 4.41).(2)The FBSES-SF scores of fathers of late preterm infants were positively correlated with the IIFAS scores(r=0.224,P < 0.01).(3)The results of single factor analysis showed that: The duration of planned breastfeeding,whether to receive breastfeeding education,whether the father is important in the process of breastfeeding,whether to discuss the breastfeeding plan with his wife,whether to have paternity leave,when the wife starts breastfeeding,delivery mode,feeding mode,family’s advice and infant feeding attitude have significant effects on the self-efficacy of fathers in supporting breastfeeding for late preterm infants(P < 0.05).(4)Multiple regression analysis showed that: In the process of supporting breastfeeding for fathers of late preterm infants,whether to receive breastfeeding education,feeding patterns,suggestions from family members(grandma or grandma),and infant feeding attitudes are independent factors affecting their self-efficacy(P < 0.05).2.Results of the intervention study:(1)There were no statistically significant differences in general information(fathers,mothers,preterm infants)between the control group and the experimental group(P>0.05),and there were no statistically significant differences in scores of fathers’ self-efficacy scale in support of breastfeeding,fathers’ knowledge of breastfeeding,behaviors and attitudes before intervention between the two groups(P > 0.05).(2)The FBSES-SF scores of the fathers at the time of discharge and 1 month were significantly higher than that in the control group(P < 0.05);As time prolongs,the self-sustaining breastfeeding self-efficacy scores of fathers in each group increased gradually,and there was an interaction between time and groups(P < 0.05).(3)Father’s breastfeeding knowledge and behavior were higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05),but no statistical significance was found between the two groups with respect to breast feeding behavior(P > 0.05).(4)The rate of insufficient lactation in the control group was higher than that in the experimental group(P < 0.05).(5)The rate of exclusive breastfeeding at the adjusted gestational age of 40 weeks,3 months and 6 months was higher than that in the control group,and there was a statistically significant difference(P < 0.05).Conclusion:The self-efficacy of late preterm fathers in supporting breastfeeding is low and needs to be further improved.It is suggested that health care professionals should pay attention not only to the mother and the baby,but also to the role of fathers in the process of breastfeeding.In this study,the health education program of IMB model can effectively improve the self-efficacy and scores of breastfeeding knowledge,behavior and attitude of fathers of late preterm infants to support breastfeeding,reduce the stress of fathers caring for mothers and premature infants,promote puerpera health and increase exclusive reastfeeding rate for premature infants,that is worth clinical promotion and use.