An Exploration Of The Ideology Of Ren In Lun Yu Yi Shu

Lun Yu Yi Shu,written by Huang Kan of the Southern Dynasty,is a collection of commentaries on the Analects of Confucius from several Han,Wei,and Six Dynasties,and is an important document for the study of Analectology in the Han,Wei,and Six Dynasties,especially the Southern Dynasty.The thesis intends to reveal Huang Kan’s thought of Ren through the analysis of the text of Lun Yu Yi Shu.The paper focuses on the philosophical scope of the treatise and discusses the thought of Ren in Lun Yu Yi Shu through six aspects:Huang Kan and Lun Yu Yi Shu,the history of the interpretation of Ren,the connotation of Ren,the realm of Ren,the work of Ren,and the value of the thought of Ren in Lun Yu Yi Shu.In the first part,the thesis gives a brief description of Huang Kan and Lun Yu Yi Shu,by reading and consulting the relevant historical texts.In the second part,the thesis analyzes the historical origin of Huang Kan’s thought of Renfrom a historical perspective.During the Spring and Autumn Period,the rites and music were in disarray,and against this background,Confucius sought the inner foundation of rites through the unity of Ren and ritual;Mencius sought the inner foundation of rites through the concepts of fate and heaven.Mencius,through the concepts of fate and heaven,opened the cross of Ren discussed the goodness of nature with the goodness of the heart,and advocated the cultivation of vast spirit.This is his contemporary interpretation in the face of social reality;the Han dynasty scriptures represented by Dong Zhongshu used the five elements to match the five constants,interpreted humanity by the way of heaven,and carried out classical interpretation,but still did not change the core of rites;during the Wei and Jin dynasties,the theme of academia was the convergence of Confucianism and Taoism,and the interpretation and discussion of Ren was also launched in this context;during the Northern and Southern Dynasties,the three religions of Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism flowed together,presenting a development pattern in which Confucianism was the main religion,Buddhism and Taoism were supplementary,and the three religions coexisted.With the transformation of the Five Classics into the Four Books and the transformation of Ritual into Science,the value of Ren became more and more obvious.In the third part,the thesis explores the connotation of Ren in Lun Yu Yi Shu.Huang Kan is deeply influenced by the Han dynasty’s Qi theory and believes that Ren comes from the nature of human beings.Huang Kan analyzes ren among the five constants,which is a trait of human nature and belongs to different five elements with righteousness,propriety,wisdom and faith,corresponding to different virtues.In addition,Ren can judge other behaviors,and it is the first of all actions.This is because the main connotation of Ren is compassion,which is a kind of empathy.This compassion is closely linked to the Ren,and it is only through concrete moral practice that ren can truly manifest its existence.In the fourth part,the thesis discusses the realm of Ren.According to the different realms,there are distinctions between saints,sages and gentlemen.The sage is born to know,and in real life,he hides his sainthood from the mortals,teaches at the right time,and ultimately realizes the ideal of giving to all.The ideal of giving to all.The sage and the saint are very far apart,but the two are inspired by each other.The gentleman in real life is can be up and down:up through the sage,down to the piece of good.It is because of the existence of this distinction between different realms of personality that ren leads people to the practice of Ren.In the fifth part,the thesis focuses on the way to achieve Ren.The realization of Ren must begin with learning,and in the opening chapter of Lun Yu Yi Shu,it is study and learn from time to time,and Huang Kan begins the chapter study and learn from time to time with the following explanation:The reason for putting learning at the forefront is that all people under the saints need to go through learning.This shows the importance of learning in becoming benevolent.Under the premise of learning,there are two routes to Ren,one is the inward path of cultivating oneself,which is to return to humanity itself through restoring rites to oneself and the other is the outward path of appeasing others.The other is the path of peace,which extends outward to giving to all through promoting Ren.In the last part,the thesis focuses on the value of Huang Kan’s thought of Ren.Firstly,Huang Kan’s thought of Ren fully absorbed Confucianism since the pre-Qin dynasty,especially the Qi theory and Yin-Yang and Five Elements thought in the Han dynasty,as well as the metaphysical thought in the Wei and Jin dynasties,and the core philosophical categories of its discussion still did not deviate from the tradition,and absorbed the ideas of Taoism and Buddhism.Secondly,Lun Yu Yi Shu reflects the popularity of the Yi Shu style during the Southern Dynasty,showing the state of the three religions flowing toge ther during the Northern and Southern Dynasties,and to a certain extent reflecting the revival of Confucianism in the Southern Dynasty.Finally,Huang Kan’s thought of Ren,which directly influenced Bing Xing and Zhu Xi and others,also reflected to a certain extent the transition from ritual to science and from the Five Classics to the Four Books,and in this sense,it nurtured the ideological genes of Confucianism in later times.