A Multi Perspective Study Of Agreement Marker "Ye (也) X"

In interactive communication,we often need to give agreement response to others’words.In modern Chinese,there are many linguistic forms that carry agreement behavior,such as"shi(是),dui(对),xing(行),hao(好)".By observing the dialogue corpus,it is found that these four forms of response are often combined with the adverb"Ye(也)"as a form of agreement response after cognitive divergence.This paper considers"Yehao"(也好),"Yexing"(也行),"Yeshi"(也是)and"Yedui"(也对)with this function as one kind of pragmatic markers of agreement and records them as agreement marker"Ye(也)X".In addition,this paper makes a detailed study of the characteristics,variant forms,use environment and pragmatic functions of the agreement marker"Ye(也)X"from a synchronic perspective,and explains its origin,formation process and formation motivation from a diachronic perspective.The full text is divided into six chapters:Chapter one is the introduction,which introduces the research object and significance of the subject,combs and summarizes the research status of the predecessors,explains the research theory,research methods and corpus sources.Chapter two is the analysis of the characteristics,classification andvarious forms of the agreement marker "Ye(也)X".According to the definition standard of agreement markers proposed in this paper,we identify the agreement marker "Ye(也)X" in modern Chinese,and find it has two usages: the response marker "Ye(也)X1" and the cohesive marker "Ye(也)X2".Besides,"Ye(也)X" has various forms: the single form,the reduplicated form and the variant forms that appears with other words.There are differences in the frequency and pragmatic effects between different variants.Chapter three analyzes the use environment,pragmatic functions and communicative motivations of the response marker"Ye(也)X1".In terms of the use environment,this chapter analyzes the characteristics of the conversational sequences of"Ye(也)X1",and statistically summarizes the patterned use rules of"Ye(也)X1".It is found that"Yehao1"(也好1)and"Yexing1"(也行1)can form the"suggest/propose-accept/approve"sequence and the"request/demand/consult-consent"sequence."Yeshi1"(也是1)and"Yedui1"(也对1)can form the"state-approve"sequence.These sequences can be expanded into adjacent bipartite sequences,adjacent multipartite sequence and inserted sequence,it reflects the regularity of speech communication process.In terms of pragmatic functions,"Ye(也)X1"have the functions of non preemptive turn transition,reversely or forwardly continue the topic,switch to another topic,indicate expectation deviation and express the positive or negative responsive attitude of the speaker.In terms of communicative motivations,the choice of the response form of"Ye(也)X1"and the emergence of different response functions are determined by the imbalance of the cognitive state between the communicators and the"comparison"relationship contained in the adverb"Ye(也)"itself.The search of position consistency and the need to weaken the illocutionary force of the dispreferred responses also encourages the speaker to choose"Ye(也)X1"as the response form.In addition,"Ye(也)X1"is more likely to appear in the context of cognitive differences between the communicators than the response marker"shi(是),dui(对),xing(行),hao(好)",which can clearly show the adjustment of the speaker’s cognitive state after receiving the expected information.Chapter four analyzes the use environment and pragmatic functions of the cohesive marker "Ye(也)X2"."Ye(也)X2" can appear in both overt conversational discourse and latent conversational discourse,and its front and back discourse components can form two discourse models: "response+Ye(也)X2+attitude" and "fact+Ye(也)X2+explanation".The pragmatic functions of "Ye(也)X2" include: continue the topic and emphasize the speaker’s recognition;Combine the narration part and the comment part to deepen the theme of the discourse;Manifest the process of the narrator’s thinking transformation;Create a conversational context between the narrator and the reader.In addition,"Ye(也)X2" has a euphemistic tone of identification and acceptance of the above facts,which mainly shows the narrator’s change of thinking from being aware of the expected facts to actively seeking the reasons and then to be relieved and disillusioned,while the cohesion marker "shi(是),dui(对),xing(行),hao(好)" is mainly used to manifest the narrator’s thinking process,with a strong tone of identification and affirmation;"Ye(也)X2" is mainly used to continue the topic,while the cohesion marker "shi(是),dui(对),xing(行),hao(好)" can switching the topic,indicating the end of the topic,and kickback the topic.Chapter five separately combs the formation process of the agreement marker"Yehao"(也好),"Yexing"(也行),"Yeshi"(也是)and"Yedui"(也对)from the diachronic perspective,and founds that the evolution of"Ye(也)X"from a phrase to agreement marker is driven by pragmatic factors,so it’s formation is the result of pragmaticalization in essence.The change of use environment,subjectification and intersubjectification,and empathy are the formation motivations.Chapter six is the conclusion part,which summarizes the main contents and conclusions of this study,and explains the shortcomings of the study.