Acoustical Study Of Tibetan Dari Dialect

Dari County is located in Guoluo Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture,Qinghai Province,and its dialect belongs to Amdo dialect.Its dialect features include not only the general characteristics of Amdo dialect,but also its own characteristics.Despite its particularity,there is no research on phonetic experiment of Dari dialect at present.Combining experimental phonetics with traditional phonetics,this paper sums up the voice system of Dari dialect,and makes data processing and acoustic analysis with Praat,Matlab and other software,and obtains the acoustic characteristics of the initials and finals of Dari dialect,which is of great significance for further exploring Tibetan pronunciation.The main conclusions from the experiment are as follows:1.There are 108 consonants in the initial consonant system of Dari dialect,including 45 single consonant consonants and 63 complex consonant consonants.The initial consonants of plosives,affricates and fricatives are clear(aspirated/unaspirated)and unclear;Nasal sounds[m],[n],(?),[η]are all have a set of clear nasal sounds opposite to them.The aspirated component in the fricative of Dari speech may lead to an increase in the dispersion of the fricative part;The frequency of fricative in Dari dialect is related to the size of the front cavity;Voiceless can reduce the amplitude of nasal consonants.2.The types of compound consonants in Dari dialect are basic consonants plus pre consonants.There are 11 pre consonants:[b-],[p-],[h-],[fi-],[m-],[n-],(?),[η-],[w],[β-],[φ-].The pre consonants and basic consonants form 63 compound consonant initials.Among them,the double stop compound consonant initials composed of voiced stop[b]and unvoiced stop[p]as the pre consonant and basic consonants[d],[g],[t],[k]are very special in Sino-Tibetan language family.These Double stop consonants are closely combined in pronunciation,but the front and back of the two sounds can be clearly perceived in the sense of hearing.3.Dari dialect is rich in vowels,with plural vowels and a large number of consonant finals retained.There are 8 monosyllabic vowels,2 plural vowels and 45 consonant finals;Different from the traditional Anduo dialect,the compound vowels in Dari dialect have both true compound vowels and false compound vowels,which come from the shortening of syllables and the weakening of the post-consonant in the initial consonants of compound consonants;Dari dialect has 9 consonant finals:[k],[t],[-n],[p],[m],[-r],[1],[-η],[-χ],and basically retains other consonant finals except[-s].