Energy Poverty Measurement And Analysis Of Poverty-causing Factors In Middle-aged And Elderly Households In China

Energy is related to the country’s livelihood,and it is a material basis that humans live in.The modern economy without energy operation cannot be sustainable.Nowadays,energy poverty still exists widely in various countries in the world,becoming one of the major challenges facing the development of the world economy,and it is particularly prominent in developing countries.Among all developing countries,China has the biggest role,and compared with developed countries,it also faces a broader problem of energy poverty;especially the energy poverty issues facing the families of middle-aged and elderly people in China are even more prominent.Due to the continuous acceleration of the process of population aging,the trend of China’s population is "not rich first" will continue to rise,and the energy poverty conditions of middle-aged and elderly families may be more serious,and they will even develop in the direction of multi-dimensional energy poverty.Therefore,researching and solving the energy poverty of the elderly families is the key to China’s achievement of high-quality development.This article is mainly based on the family of 45 and above middle-aged and elderly people in China as the research object,and combined with the 2018 China Health and Pension Tracking Survey(CHARLS)data.First of all,10 indicators include 5 dimensions(including cooking,space cooling equipment,home appliance equipment,entertainment/education,communication/travel)10 indicators(including clean fuel cooking and whether the family has independent kitchen,air conditioning,air conditioning,air conditioning The multi-dimensional energy poverty indicator system of electric refrigerators or freezers,bath facilities,computers or tablets,televisions,mobile phones,phones,phones,cars),and measured the incidence of multi-dimensional energy poverty in Chinese middle-aged and elderly people by calculating the multi-dimensional energy poverty index.Define.Then,the deprivation threshold k=4 is taken as an example to determine the multi-dimensional energy poverty households,that is,the middle-aged and elderly households are considered to have at least 4 indicators of energy poverty at the same time,and the multi-dimensional energy poverty index is 3.64%.The multidimensional energy poverty index of middle-aged and elderly households in China was decomposed by index,urban and rural areas and regions respectively,and the contribution rates of each dimension,urban and rural and regional to the multidimensional energy poverty index(taking k=4 as an example)were obtained.The key poverty-causing dimensions,group and regional differences of multidimensional energy poverty of middle-aged and elderly households in China were further accurately identified.Finally,the introduction of the logistic regression model was introduced to empirical analysis of the influencing factors of multi-dimensional energy poverty in Chinese middle-aged and elderly people.Studies found that:(1)In eastern,central,western and northeastern regions,the trend of each index of middle-aged and elderly families is consistent with that of the whole family.That is,with the increase of the deprivation threshold k,the incidence of energy poverty in the family of middle-aged and elderly people has continued to decrease,the average deprivation index A continues to deepen,and the multi-dimensional energy poverty index M continues to decrease.(2)According to the indicator decomposition results,the contribution rate of air conditioners is 29.05%;followed by computers or tablets,the contribution rate is 16.60%.The two indicators of air conditioners,computers or tablets are the main reasons for multi-dimensional energy poverty in the middle-aged and elderly families.The degree of energy poverty deprivation is more serious than other indicators.In the families of middle-aged and elderly people with multi-dimensional energy poverty,the contribution rate of rural areas to the overall multi-dimensional energy poverty index is 5.18 times that of urban areas.Obviously,rural areas are the main areas of multi-dimensional energy poverty in Chinese middle-aged and elderly people in China.According to the results of the regional decomposition,the contribution rates of the overall multi-dimensional energy poverty of the elderly in the east and the central region are 22.91%and 25.26%of the poverty alleviation rates;the highest contributions in the western region reached 42.75%;the minimum contribution in the northeast region was only 9.08%.It shows that throughout the research area,multi-dimensional energy poverty in the middle-aged and elderly people is mainly concentrated in the western region.It represents areas where economic development is relatively backward,and multi-dimensional energy poverty is more serious;but economically developed areas do not mean that multi-dimensional energy poverty will not occur,and extreme poverty may even occur,leading to the tendency of social trends.(3)The return results show that the types of age and place of residence are significantly positive at a level of 1%at the level of multi-dimensional energy poverty in Chinese middle-aged and elderly families;It has a negative effect on multi-dimensional energy poverty in middle-aged and elderly families,and is significant at a level of 1%.According to the empirical analysis results,the following suggestions are put forward.For middle-aged and elderly families in multidimensional energy poverty,exclusive economic relief plans can be formulated,or more employment opportunities or posts can be provided to increase the family’s economic sources,and the overall welfare level of middle-aged and elderly families can be improved.Diversified energy subsidy policies will be implemented to provide energy subsidies to households and increase their willingness to use modern clean energy.According to the multi-dimensional energy poverty distribution of middle-aged and elderly households in urban and rural areas and different regions,the monitoring mechanism of energy poverty of middle-aged and elderly households should be strengthened,and the prevention strategy of energy poverty should be established in time.To formulate energy poverty alleviation goals,establish a practical and effective energy poverty alleviation system,and accurately and reasonably support target poor people,so as to alleviate multidimensional energy poverty among middle-aged and elderly families in China.