| Oilseed rape is the most important oil crop in Chongqing,with an annual planting area of about 4 million acres,but the self-sufficiency rate is still less than 30%.Early-maturing oilseed rape varieties could solve the problem of being postponed sowing date for oilseed rape in rice-oilseed rape cropping system,thus developing the oilseed rape planting area through the use of winter idle fields.In this study,the early maturing oilseed rape variety“Wan You 410”was carried to this experiment.By studying the effect of this variety on yield and related traits under different conditions of sowing period,seeding rate and fertilizer application,exploring the best cultivation pattern and growth and development mechanism of the new extra-early maturing oilseed rape variety“Wan You 410”,a theoretical reference for the selection and production of early maturing oilseed rape varieties and for the expansion of oilseed rape production in the winter fields of Chongqing.This paper investigates the effects of different sowing periods,seeding rates and fertiliser application on the growth and development,main economic traits and yield of the early maturing variety Wan You 410.The results of the study show that,Sowing stage trial:the highest seed yield of 158.81kg/666.7m~2 was achieved in the sowing stage treatment on September20,the next highest seed yield was 141.50 kg/666.7m~2 for the sowing treatment on October 5.The suitable sowing date for Wan You 410 is therefore between September 20 and October 5 for high seed yields.The emergence,first flowering,final flowering and maturity of Wan You 410 are all delayed with the delay in sowing.As the sowing period was delayed,the harvest density,root and stem thickness,chlorophyll content,plant height,number of leaves per plant and leaf area per plant of Wan You 410 showed a decreasing pattern;the number of effective branches,number of branching angles,number of main sequence angles,total number of angles,length of main sequence,middle stem thickness and stem folding resistance all showed a pattern of increasing and then decreasing.There was no significant effect of sowing period on the number of grains per horn and the weight of 1,000 grains.Sowing volume test:seed yield increases and then decreases with increasing sowing volume,indicating that neither too high nor too low sowing volume can guarantee the highest yield,and that high yield can only be achieved by reasonably dense planting and ensuring the coordination of individuals and groups.In this study,the highest seed yield of161.71kg/666.7m~2 was achieved at 500g/666.7m~2,followed by 153.91kg/666.7m~2at 600g/666.7m~2 and 146.52kg/666.7m~2 at 700g/666.7m~2.Therefore the appropriate sowing rate for Wan You 410 is between 500 g/666.7m~2and 700g/666.7m~2to obtain a high seed yield.Sowing size had little effect on the fertility date of Wan You 410,with the first flowering,final flowering and maturity stages all slightly advancing with increasing sowing size,and the full fertility date decreasing to a lesser extent with increasing sowing size.No significant effect of sowing size on effective branching site,chlorophyll content,number of main sequence corms per plant,number of individual corms grains and corms area.With the increase of the sowing rate,the field harvest density,number of plot leaves,leaf area per plant,leaf area index and thousand grain weight all showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing;root thickness,plant height,number of leaves per plant,stem folding resistance,fresh weight of root per plant,fresh weight of above ground per plant,effective number of branches,number of branching angular fruits,length of main sequence and thickness of nodal layer all decreased with the increase of the sowing rate.Fertilizer application trials:seed yield showed a pattern of increasing and then decreasing with increasing fertilizer application,The highest seed yield is 148.13 kg/666.7m~2 at 50 kg/666.7m~2,followed by 142.52kg/666.7m~2 at 40kg/666.7m~2,herefore,the appropriate fertiliser application rate for Wan You 410 should be controlled between 40 kg/666.7m~2and 50kg/666.7m~2 to obtain a high seed yield.First flowering,final flowering and maturity were all delayed with increasing fertiliser application and the number of days to full fertility date increased with increasing fertiliser application.With increasing fertilizer application,rootstock thickness,chlorophyll content,plant height,number of leaves per plant,number of leaves per plot,fresh weight of roots per plant,fresh weight of above ground,effective number of branches and thickness of nodal layer all showed an increasing trend with increasing fertilizer application;leaf area per plant,leaf area index,number of branched angular fruits,total number of angular fruits,thickness of nodal layer,area of angular fruits per plant and area index of angular fruits per plot all showed an increasing trend followed by a decreasing trend.There was no significant effect of fertiliser application on field harvest density,effective branching site,number of grains per horn,thousand grain weight,length of main sequence and botrytis disease index. |
PDF Full Text Request