Professor Zhang Lan's Study On The Medication Rules For The Treatment Of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis With Nodule

Objective: To analyze in detail the prescriptions of Professor Zhang Lan for the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with nodules by using data mining technology,and to extract the rules and experiences of Professor Zhang Lan in identifying and treating Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with nodules,which will help to inherit and carry forward Professor Zhang Lan’s academic ideas and experiences in medication,and provide new ideas and methods of medication for the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with nodules by Chinese medicine.Materials and methods: From October 2019 to December 2021,100 cases of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with nodules treated by Professor Zhang Lan at the Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Chinese Medicine were selected from the first consultation cases with complete information and clear diagnosis,and the prescriptions of patients who met the requirements were compiled,and a database was established using WPS OFFICE 2021 software,and SPSS Statistics 26.0 for frequency analysis and cluster analysis of high-frequency Chinese medicine,and SPSS Modeler 18.0 software for association analysis.Results:1.Frequency analysis results: In 100 prescriptions the total frequency of medication was 2031 times,and 103 herbal medicines were applied in total.33 herbal medicines with the average frequency below were removed,and the total frequency was 1710 times,with a cumulative frequency of 84.19%,which were high-frequency herbal medicines used by Professor Zhang Lan for the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with nodules.The frequency analysis of Chinese herbal medicine categories showed that the top five categories from high to low were:deficiency tonics,qi tonics,phlegm-relieving and cough-relieving medicines,heat-clearing medicines,and astringent medicines;the top five frequencies of Chinese herbal medicine properties from high to low were flat,warm,cold,slightly cold,and slightly warm;the top five frequencies of Chinese herbal medicine flavors from high to low were sweet,bitter,pungent,sour,and astringent;the top five frequencies of Chinese herbal medicine meridians in order from high to low were The top five Chinese medicine meridians were liver meridian,spleen meridian,kidney meridian,lung meridian and stomach meridian.2.Cluster analysis results: Cluster analysis was performed on the high-frequency herbal medicines,and seven clusters were finally obtained: C1 Seaweed,Kun Bu;C2 Chai Hu,Prince’s ginseng,Atractylodes macrocephala;C3 Cuscuta,Cistanches,Shu Di Huang;C4 Turtle shell,Oyster,Xia Gu Cao,Xuan Shen,Radix Platycodon,Roasted licorice,Coix seeds,Cat’s claw;C5 Raw groundnut,Cornus officinalis;C6 Curcuma,Salt orange kernel,Citrus aurantium,Buddha’s hand,Zhe Bei Mu,Lycium barbarum,Paeonia lactiflorum,Paeonia lactiflorum,Paeonia lactiflorum.Fructus Lycii,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Radix et Rhizoma Wang Bu Li Xing;C7 Chen Pi,Semen Parviflora,Poria Cocos,Radix et Rhizoma Yam.3.Association analysis results: The association analysis of high-frequency Chinese medicines was performed by setting the minimum conditional support degree to 20% and the minimum rule confidence degree to 95%,and setting the maximum number of antecedents to 1,2 and 3,respectively.The obtained results were ranked according to the sum of support degree and confidence degree,from high to low,and one of the associations of the same Chinese medicines was deleted,and when the maximum number of antecedents was 1,the combination of high-frequency pairs of medicines was shown including Zhaobeiji,Lycium barbarum;Zhaobeiji,Paeonia lactiflora;Zhaobeiji,Golden cherry;Citron,Buddha’s hand,etc.;when the maximum number of antecedents is 2,high-frequency drug combinations are displayed: Citron,Buddha’s hand,Zhaobeiji;Zhaobeiji,Lycium barbarum,Paeonia lactiflora; Zhaobeiji,Golden cherry,Paeonia lactiflora,etc.;when the maximum number of antecedents is 3,high-frequency drug combinations are displayed: Citron,Buddha’s hand,Lycium barbarum,Zhaobeiji;Citron,Buddha’s hand,Paeonia lactiflora,Zhaobeiji;Citron,The results obtained from the association analysis were basically consistent with the results of cluster analysis,which were in accordance with the clinical experience of Professor Zhang Lan in drug use.Conclusion:1.Professor Zhang Lan’s treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with nodules was based on the categories of deficiency tonics(tonifying the kidneys,strengthening the spleen,softening the liver),qi tonics,phlegm-relieving and cough-relieving drugs(phlegm-dispersing drugs),heat-clearing drugs,astringent drugs,and blood-stasis-activating drugs,with the properties of the drugs being flat,warm,and cold,and the tastes of the drugs being sweet,bitter,pungent,and sour,and the drug’s normalization being based on the liver,spleen,and kidneys.2.Professor Zhang Lan treats Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with nodules by using drugs that relieve liver depression,regulate qi and strengthen spleen,dry dampness and dispel phlegm,invigorate blood circulation and eliminate stasis,tonify the spleen and benefit the kidney,soften hardness and disperse nodules,clear liver and fire,nourish yin and generate fluid,and calm the mind.3.The basic prescription of Prof.Zhang Lan for the treatment of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with nodules is: Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata,Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum,Rhizoma Polygonati,Fructus Lycii,Fructus Crataegi,Fructus Crataegi,Curcuma longa,Fructus Wang Bu Li Xing,Salt Orange Kernel,Chen Pi,Poria,Citron,and Fructus Foetida,etc.,on which the patient’s own condition is combined with flexible addition and reduction.4.The results of data mining are consistent with the theory and clinical experience of Prof.Zhang Lan in identifying and treating Hashimoto’s thyroiditis with nodules.