| When the European Revolution broke out in 1848,Marx and Engels actively participated in the revolution and jointly founded Neue Rheinische Zeitung to help the proletariat understand the essence of the bourgeoisie and point out the road and direction for the liberation of the proletariat.The series of essays published by Marx and Engels during the period of Neue Rheinische Zeitung show their rich thoughts of historical materialism and have important study value.Therefore,this study attempts to use comprehensive induction and other methods to systematically sort out,analyze in detail and deeply understand the historical materialism of Marx and Engels during the period of Neue Rheinische Zeitung.This study is divided into seven parts:The first chapter introduces the study background,significance and purpose of the paper,looked back and analyzed the domestic and foreign literature related to this study,expounds the key points,difficulties and innovations of the paper,and outlines the context and framework of the paper.The second chapter mainly discusses the social and historical background of the European Revolution in 1848.This part exposes the background of the European Revolution through the analysis of various crises and contradictions in society.With the development of the revolution,Neue Rheinische Zeitung came into being,and historical materialism was tested,applied and developed.At the same time,through the analysis of the basic situation of Neue Rheinische Zeitung and the relevant literature in this period,this paper clarifies the category of Marx and Engels’ historical materialism in the period of Neue Rheinische Zeitung.The third chapter mainly discusses the theory of proletarian dictatorship.Firstly,it explores the proposal of the dictatorship of the proletariat and its essence.When summing up the revolutionary experience,Marx and Engels formally put forward the dictatorship of the proletariat and pointed out its essence.Secondly,it expounds the historical inevitability of implementing the dictatorship of the proletariat.The inherent hypocrisy of the bourgeoisie,the awakening of proletarian consciousness and the irreconcilable contradiction between them constitute the historical inevitability of the implementation of proletarian dictatorship.Finally,it analyzes the mission and task of implementing the dictatorship of the proletariat.When the dictatorship of the proletariat is implemented,the proletariat has corresponding missions and tasks in politics,economy and ideology.The fourth chapter mainly discusses the theory of worker peasant alliance.Based on the basic national conditions of France and Germany,if the proletariat wants to win the revolution,it needs to form an alliance with the farmers.Firstly,it analyzes the situation and status of farmers in France and Germany,and expounds the importance of farmers to the revolution.Secondly,it deeply demonstrates the possibility of farmers’ participation in the revolution.Finally,it combs the relationship between the peasant class and the proletariat,and expounds the inevitability of the worker peasant alliance.The fifth chapter mainly discusses the theory of social revolution.Revolution is the background of the period of Neue Rheinische Zeitung.Firstly,it explores the formal proposal of the continuous revolutionary thought,and analyzes the requirements of the continuous revolutionary thought on the proletariat in terms of revolutionary mode,opportunity and alliance.Secondly,it combs the social role of revolution,analyzes the proposition and reasons of "revolution is the locomotive of history",analyzes the role of revolution on social development,and expounds Marx and Engels’ prediction of the new revolution and its influence.Finally,it expounds the position of the people in the revolution in order to understand its role in the revolution and mobilize positive factors for the revolution.The sixth chapter mainly discusses Marx and Engels’ criticism of various wrong thoughts.In the period of Neue Rheinische Zeitung,there were many bourgeois wrong thoughts in society,which affected the proletarian revolutionary movement.Therefore,Marx and Engels criticized these erroneous thoughts and cleared away the negative factors hindering the revolution.This part mainly analyzes Marx and Engels’ criticism of various socialist thoughts and other wrong thoughts.The seventh chapter mainly discusses the influence and contribution of Marx and Engels’ historical materialism in the period of Neue Rheinische Zeitung.During the period of Neue Rheinische Zeitung,historical materialism was tested in the revolution and enriched the treasure house of scientific socialism.At the same time,Marx and Engels’ historical materialism has made important contributions to the proletarian revolutionary movement,especially the Paris Commune Movement,the Russian October Revolution and the Chinese revolution. |
