Research On The Relationship Between The Jin State And The Lu State In The Spring And Autumn Period

After King Ping moved eastward,the king’s administration failed,and the Zhou royal family was overwhelmed and unable to control the princes.The Central Plains countries continued to conquer,and the diplomatic activities carried out with the theme of hegemony became the norm for the expansion of great powers in the Spring and Autumn Period.Bringing Qi to fight against Chu,and carrying out a series of diplomatic activities with Lu,due to the similar geopolitical environment,cultural traditions of ritual and music,and the sense of identity of the Chinese nation,the two countries have maintained diplomatic relations for a long period of time after the establishment of diplomatic relations.Through friendly exchanges,Jin also realized its strategic layout.Therefore,diplomatic relations play a very important role in promoting the development of Jin and Lu as well as the historical trend of the Spring and Autumn Period.In addition,studying Jinlu diplomatic relations can also add new content to the history of the two countries and the study of diplomatic relations.The first chapter discusses the background of Jinlu’s establishment of diplomatic relations.Firstly,the possibility of establishing diplomatic relations between Jin and Lu is analyzed from the perspective of geographical relationship.In the period of Duke Wengong,due to the need for external expansion,the state of Jin made corresponding external strategic adjustments,in order to replace the geographical advantage of alignment,and then win over the state of Lu,and the state of Lu also joined the Jin state alliance according to the situation,and finally the state of Jin was completed.The alignment of the arc-shaped encirclement has also established an alliance system between Jin and Lu based on geographical factors.The second and most important political factor has the influence on the relationship between the two countries.Before the establishment of diplomatic relations between Jin and Lu,the countries of China encountered threats from the state of Chu,and the utilitarian political creed of the state of Chu was obviously not in line with the interests of the countries.Alliance,and Lu State,which could not bear the heavy pressure of Chu State,also established diplomatic relations with Jin.The second chapter investigates the development and evolution of the relationship between Jin and Lu.After the alliance of Jiantu,Jinlu and Lu officially established diplomatic relations,and the two sides maintained a stable upward period during the Jin Wenxiang period;after Jin Linggong took the throne,due to the inaction of Jin’s monarchs and ministers,coupled with the oppression of Qi,until the Battle of Saddle,In fact,the relationship between Jin and Lu was in a period of frequent changes;after the Battle of Saddle until the early stage of Duke Ping of Jin,due to the success of Jin Xiang’s restoration of hegemony,Jin regained its dominant position over Chu,and at the same time included Qi into the alliance Therefore,during this period,the relationship between Jin and Lu entered the honeymoon period,and Lu’s political dependence on Jin also increased,and at the same time,it lost the initiative in foreign strategy;In the struggle for hegemony,the Jin alliance gradually disintegrated,and the Lu country also joined the alliance led by the Qi country in a timely manner,and the good diplomatic relations between the two countries also dropped to freezing point.At the end of this paper,the historical events of Jin-Lu state relations recorded in Tsinghua bamboo slips "Xiannian" are used to organize and analyze.By comparing with the handed down document "Zuo Zhuan",it further demonstrates the influence of some major events on the relationship between Jin and Lu.The third chapter sorts out the way of communication between Jin and Lu.There are mainly four kinds of aids,alliances,messengers,and concubines.War is the most direct and effective way for Jin to implement its expansion policy.As an ally of Jin,Lu participated in most of the wars dominated by Jin in the middle and late Spring and Autumn Period,and many of them were forced to participate by Jin.Huimeng is a diplomatic activity carried out by the Jin State to combat infidelity and consolidate the results of the war.Because of the strategic layout and distribution of interests,Lu State has also joined the alliance many times.The envoy exchanges between Jin and Lu belonged to a kind of court dowry.Due to the hegemonic politics at that time,the betrothed object of the court was transferred from Zhou Tianzi to the uncle.Therefore,the state of Lu,which established a country with ritual and music,naturally regarded Jin as its diplomatic activity with foreign countries.This article divides the messengers into ten categories according to their purpose.Concubinage is a special diplomatic activity between Jin and Lu based on the existing marriage system.It not only promotes the reconciliation between Song and Lu,but also re-consolidates the anti-Chu alliance led by Jin.The fourth chapter reveals the factors that affect the relationship between Jin and Lu from three aspects,including national interests,national strength and traditions of ritual and music.National interests are the most important factor influencing the establishment of diplomatic relations between Jin and Lu.Although Jin and Lu have been friends for generations after the establishment of diplomatic relations,their ultimate purpose is to bring together the position of fighting against Chu.Therefore,Jin has repeatedly confronted the leader of Lu on its core interests.At both ends of the rat,the most prominent is the issue of the ownership of Wenyangtian and Qitian.The Jin state has unilaterally destroyed the long-standing good relationship between Jin and Shandong while realizing its interests.National strength is an important factor restricting the development of Jin-Lu state relations.If the internal contradictions of Jin are eased,the national strength will be concentrated,and there will be more energy to protect Lu,and the relationship between the two countries will develop steadily.When scattered and indifferent to foreign affairs,the state of Lu who lost its protection immediately betrayed Jin.The influence of national strength on the diplomatic relations between the two countries is evident.The tradition of ritual and music is the basic political principle that needs to be observed in the process of diplomatic relations between Jin and Lu.Both Jin and Lu need to maintain the existing state exchanges according to the existing tradition of ritual and music.The corresponding cultural order of ritual and music also affects the diplomatic policy of the two countries.formulation.From the initial establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries in the Battle of Chengpu to the final rebellion against Jin and Qi in the Jiagu meeting,it can be seen that the relationship between Jin and Lu is not constant,and correspondingly,the two sides followed the political exchanges with frequent state exchanges in the middle and late Spring and Autumn Period.The cultural tradition is relatively stable,and this phenomenon with the characteristics of the times can also play a certain enlightening role in answering the question of diplomatic relations in the Spring and Autumn Period.