Research On Self-others Risk Decision-making Based On Maximization And Satisfaction Decision-making Style

Decision-making is ubiquitous and individual,and individual traits and decisionmaking roles can influence decision-making.In recent years,many scholars have explored and studied the performance differences of maximized and satisfactory decision-making styles in different decision-making fields.However,the risk appetite of the two types of decision-making styles has always been controversial,and the research results focus on the field of self-decision-making.A small number of relevant studies involving self-others decision-making only use the questionnaire method to discuss the accessibility and desirability of options and selection characteristics in selfothers decision-making by individuals with maximized and satisfactory decisionmaking styles,but none of them involve the exploration of differences in risk appetite in risk decision-making.At the same time,there is little research in the field of selfothers decision-making to integrate self-other decision-making differences from the perspective of trait groups.Therefore,this article will explore the differences in selfrisk decision-making based on maximization and satisfaction decision-making styles.Based on the Maximization Inventory scale compiled by Turner et al.in 2002,this study carried out scale translation,preliminary test,retest and reliability and validity test revision and localization work.Then,using the risk decision-making questionnaire and BART paradigm,the 2(decision-making style: maximization vs.satisfaction)and×2(decision-maker role: self-decision-making vs.decision-making for others)were carried out to explore the differences between maximized and satisfactory decisionmaking styles in self-others risk decision-making.It was found that in the risk decision questionnaire task,the main effect of decision-making style and decision-making role was significant.The interaction between decision-making style and decision-making role is significant.In the BART paradigm,the main effects of decision-making style and decision-making role are significant.Finally,using the Holt-Laury betting decisionmaking task,the profit and loss framework is introduced,and the three-factor hybrid design experiment of 2(decision-making style: maximization vs.satisfaction)× 2(decision-maker role: self-decision vs.decision-making for others)× 2(profit and loss framework: loss framework vs.return framework)is carried out,which further explores the difference between maximized and satisfactory decision-making styles in selfothers decision-making,and tests their social comparison tendency.It was found that there were differences in the social comparison tendencies of individuals with the two decision-making styles.In the betting decision-making task,the main effect of decisionmaking style,decision-making role and profit and loss framework is significant,and the interaction between profit and loss framework and decision-making style and decision-making role is significant.Under the benefit framework,the main effect of decision-making style and decision-making role is significant,and the interaction is significant.Under the loss framework,the decision-making style,decision-making role main effect,and interaction were not significant.The results of this study show that:(1)The maximized and satisfactory decisionmaking styles have different social comparison tendencies,and the social comparison tendency,which maximizes the decision-making style,is higher than that of the satisfactory decision-making style.(2)Those who maximize decision-making styles have a higher tendency to take risks in self-others decision-making tasks.(3)Satisfied decision-making style people have a lower risk-taking tendency when making selfdecisions,while a significantly higher risk-taking tendency when making decisions for others.(4)Under the loss framework,there was no obvious difference in self-risk decision-making among individuals with different decision-making styles,and all showed a higher risk-taking tendency.(5)Under the benefit framework,the outcome of self-others risk decision-making is influenced by the decision-making style and the role of the decision-maker.The differences in self-risk decision-making by individuals with different decision-making styles are influenced by the profit and loss framework.In short,the outcome of self-others risk decision-making is affected by the decisionmaking framework,decision-making style,and decision-maker role,and there are differences in the performance of self-others risk decision-making by different decision-making styles.