The Effect Of Task Difficulty On Fine Motor Control In The Elderly And Its Neural Mechanis

The problem of population aging in contemporary society is prominent,and the sports ability of the elderly group has received extensive attention.The impairment of the fine motor control ability of the elderly,especially the decline of the coordination ability of the hands,seriously impairs the quality of life of the elderly group.However,many current studies on the neural mechanisms of fine motor control and the effects of aging still have many limitations,and most of the studies are performed on single tasks of sequencing or selection,which are mainly performed by one hand.This has resulted in less current understanding of aging in bimanual motor control.Therefore,by controlling the difficulty of different tasks,this study explores the influence of task difficulty on the fine motor control process and the neural mechanism,and explores the influence of different task difficulty on fine motor control aging by examining subjects of different ages.Empirical study 1 manipulated task difficulty by changing the cue-stimulus type.The behavioral results found that the accuracy rate and reaction time of the difficult task condition were significantly different from the simpler task condition.However,changes in task difficulty have different effects on different motor stages.In this study,the N1 and P1 components were used as indicators to classify the stage of early motor stimulus recognition.There was no significant difference in the neural activities at this stage under different task difficulties,but the neural activities under different difficulties were different in the stimulus recognition and classification stage,and the motor preparation stage.Significant changes have taken place.This indicates that the long reaction time under difficult task conditions mainly comes from the stimulus recognition classification and motor preparation stage.In the second empirical study,simple one-handed reaction task and complex twohanded reaction task were set to compare the behavior of the young group and the elderly group.The results showed that in the relatively simple one-handed reaction task,the reaction time of the elderly was significantly greater than that of the young group,but the performance of the correct rate was roughly the same as that of the young group.However,in the more complex two-handed reaction task,both the reaction time and the correct rate of the elderly group were significantly lower than the young group.In combination with previous studies on the effect of exercise aging,this study believes that in a relatively simple task,the elderly can compensate for exercise aging to a certain extent through over-activation of brain nerves,but this compensation effect has certain limitations.Sum up,through the difficulty of system operation task,this study found that the behavioral changes brought by difficult movement conditions mainly come from the stimulation recognition and movement execution stage;In addition,age will cause the decline of motor function,but in simple sports tasks,the behavior of the elderly group can be comparable to that of the young group to a certain extent,but in more complex tasks,the behavior of the elderly is significantly worse than that of the young subjects in terms of reaction time and correct choice.These results have improved the theoretical basis of exercise aging control to a certain extent,and can provide some data support for improving the independent exercise ability of the elderly in the future.