Research On Inheritance And Transcendence Of Kant’s View Of Genius

In Kant’s view,genius is the innate inner quality of the subject,and genius provides rules for art through nature.Kant’s view of genius can be summarized into four parts.First,genius is the unity of naturalness and freedom.Kant emphasized the natural mystery of the source of genius,which was influenced by Plato’s theory of divine attachment.Kant’s exposition of the freedom of genius creation was influenced by Burke’s exposition of aesthetic experience.Second,genius is the unity of originality and model.Kant believes that the art of beauty is contrary to the spirit of imitation,and the emphasis on originality is influenced by Young.The creation of genius will become a rule and model for later generations,which is mainly influenced by Lessing’s emphasis on purposeful writing.Thirdly,the creative psychological mechanism of genius is the coordinated application of intellectuality and rationality.The apriority of Kant’s concept of genius lies in the creative psychological mechanism of the subject,which coordinates the movement of intellectuality and rationality.This idea of comprehensive inquiry into the subject’s psychology is influenced by Diderot’s emphasis on the lively spiritual quality of genius,the third power beyond rationality and experience put forward by Shaftesbury in literary and artistic creation,and Mendelssohn’s analysis of the perfect psychology of genius.Fourthly,regarding the relationship between genius and appreciation,in Kant’s view,when genius creates beauty and appreciates and judges beauty,it is necessary to choose appreciation between genius and appreciation.This emphasis on appreciation is influenced by Horace’s exposition on the relationship between genius and diligence and Hume’s exposition on aesthetic taste.On the basis of inheriting predecessors’ thoughts,Kant surpassed the theories of imitation,reflection and interest in the history of western aesthetics.Before Kant,no theorist could completely get rid of the idea that "art is the imitation of nature",which has been shrouded in the history of western aesthetics since ancient Greece.Kant surpassed the theory of imitation with the originality of genius.In the history of western aesthetics,the question about the essence of beauty can’t be separated from the framework of binary opposition,and Kant surpassed the reflection theory of binary opposition in traditional western aesthetics with a harmonious attitude and unique aesthetic reason of genius.Based on the transcendental psychological mechanism of Kant’s view of genius,Kant surpassed the aesthetic interest theory in the history of western aesthetics.In Kant’s view,the object of "beauty" or its representation is completely rooted in the transcendental emotional ability of the subject,and is determined by the subjective freedom of the creative subject.Based on the theoretical characteristics of Kant’s genius view,Kant’s genius theory is of great significance to both individuals and aesthetics.As far as individuals are concerned,Kant’s genius theory can inspire people to have a benign cognition of themselves.As far as the discipline is concerned,Kant’s genius theory makes the creation of beautiful art truly independent.Of course,we also need to reflect on Kant’s genius theory.Kant emphasized the naturalness of genius,but according to the analysis of genius system,we can see the sociality of genius,and the creation of genius is actually not suspended outside the real world.Kant emphasized the originality and typicality of genius respectively,but the real charm and value of genius lies in the combination of originality and typicality;Kant limited genius to the art of beauty,but in fact genius should have the ability to sort out creative ability scientifically and systematically.