"Absence Of Men" In Dazai Osamu's Female Monologue Novel

Since the outbreak of the anti-Japanese war,the human rights of the Chinese people have been most seriously violated.In order to defeat the Japanese invaders and guarantee national independence and people’s survival,the Chinese Communist Party carried out extensive human rights construction in the anti-Japanese base areas under its leadership,among which,the application of criminal laws to protect human rights was one of its important ways.The criminal laws in the base areas protected the rights and interests of the people in the base areas by punishing crimes on the one hand,and also focused on protecting the legal rights of suspects,defendants and criminals on the other,laying the foundation for the expansion of the anti-Japanese national united front and the victory of the anti-Japanese war.The Communist Party of China’s practice of using criminal law to safeguard human rights in the anti-Japanese base areas has achieved rich results and provided valuable experience for building a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics in the new era.The article is divided into four parts.The first part is an overview of human rights protection in the base areas.In ancient feudal China and the laws of the Nanjing Nationalist Government did not focus on the protection of human rights.After the outbreak of the War of Resistance,the Chinese Communist Party began the practice of guaranteeing human rights through laws in order to unite forces to defeat the Japanese invaders and at the same time to strengthen the democratic thinking and legal concept of some cadres.After the adoption of the Ten Program for Resisting Japanese Aggression and Saving the Country,the anti-Japanese base areas enacted laws such as the policy program and human rights protection regulations,which initially stipulated the content of human rights and measures to protect them.The second part is the guarantee of human rights in the criminal substantive laws of the anti-Japanese base areas.The article discusses the principles of criminal substantive laws in the anti-Japanese base areas,the guarantee of women’s rights,and the guarantee of human rights in the punishment of special crimes in three aspects.The principles of the criminal law of the base areas,including the principle of legal guilt and punishment,the principle of equality in the application of criminal law,the principle of "differential treatment," and the principles of abolishing flesh punishment and prohibiting the use of torture to extract confessions,all reflect the requirements of the Chinese Communist Party for the protection of human rights.Due to the special historical period,the criminal laws of the base areas provided for special crimes such as traitors,bandits,and tobacco and drug crimes,punishing these special crimes while giving criminals the opportunity to change their ways,reflecting that the criminal laws of the base areas also focused on the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the criminals.The third part of the protection of human rights in the criminal procedure laws of the anti-Japanese base areas.Therefore,the criminal procedure laws of the base areas set up the protection of human rights as one of the basic principles from the very beginning,and established the principle of giving importance to evidence rather than relying on confessions to fully guarantee judicial justice and the protection of human rights.In the process of trial,the criminal procedure laws of the base areas protect the rights of the defendants in the proceedings by establishing a defense system,an appeal system,and a review of the death penalty,so that the concept of protecting human rights in the judicial process is deeply rooted in people’s hearts.The fourth part is the significance of the protection of human rights through criminal laws in the anti-Japanese revolutionary base areas.The practice of safeguarding human rights through criminal law in the anti-Japanese base areas laid the foundation for the victory of the anti-Japanese war and is an important historical experience and practical source of Xi Jinping’s thought on the rule of law,which deserves to be inherited and carried forward as an excellent red rule of law gene and spiritual bloodline.Contemporary criminal law should build on this foundation,with the same original intention and mission to better protect human rights.