| Objective: To intervene college students with different field cognitive styles by using medium intensity basketball sports,and observe the changes of dribbling time,shooting rate and executive control function indicators of college students after exercise in the 0,8 and 12 weeks(4 weeks after the end of the exercise),so as to explore the impact of basketball and field cognitive style on individual executive control function,and provide reference for physical education teaching,sports training and talent selection.Research methods: The data of the final suitable 24 subjects were analyzed through the mosaic pattern test and the screening of conventional scales for the recruited subjects,including 6 field independent boys,6 field independent girls,6field dependent boys and 6 field dependent girls.The exercise program: the intervention time is 8 weeks,and the exercise time is 1 hour/time,3 times/week for girls;The average heart rate of male students is 131 times/minute at 1.5 hours/time and 3 times/week.At week 0,8 and 12,the dribble time,shooting rate,reaction time and accuracy rate of mental rotation,reaction time and accuracy rate of Stroop,reaction time and accuracy rate of 1-back,and reaction time and accuracy rate of More Odd shifting were measured,and the differences between subjects of different field cognitive styles and different genders were compared.Research results:1.In terms of dribble time,boys spent less time than girls,and the pretest dribble time of all subjects was the longest.In terms of shooting hit rate,there was little difference between boys and girls.The shooting hit rate of field independent group showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.The shooting hit rate of field dependent group in week 12 was significantly lower than that in week 0,p=0.005.2.In the mental rotation reaction time,the average reaction time of girls in the field independent group was shorter than that of boys;In the field dependent group,the average pretest time of boys was short,while the middle and post tests were slightly longer than that of girls;In the field independent group,the reaction time of the mental rotation experiment was significantly shorter at week 8 than at week 0,p=0.016,and the reaction time at week 0 was significantly longer than that at week 12,p=0.019;The reaction time of the field dependent group at week 0 was significantly longer than that at week 8,p=0.02,and there was no significant change in other weeks.In the field dependence group,the accuracy of girls is generally higher than that of boys;In the field independent group,the accuracy rate of girls in the pretest was slightly higher than that of boys,while the accuracy rate of boys in the middle test and post test was slightly higher than that of girls;The accuracy of the field dependent group at week 8 was slightly higher than that at week 0,but it did not achieve significant effect(p=0.05).There was no significant change in other weeks.The reaction time of mental rotation in the 8th week of all subjects was shorter than that in the pretest,and the average reaction time in the 12 th week was the shortest,and the accuracy of the mental rotation test was inversely proportional to the reaction time.3.In the aspect of Stroop reaction time,in the field independent group,the average reaction time of girls was shorter than that of boys;In the field dependent group,the average pretest time of boys was shorter,and the median and posttest were both higher than that of girls;The reaction time of Stroop test in field independent group and field dependent group at week 8 and 12 was significantly shorter than that at week 0,and the difference was extremely significant(p<0.01);In the field dependence group,the accuracy of girls is generally higher than that of boys;In the field independent group,the accuracy rate of girls in the pre-test was slightly higher than that of boys,while the accuracy rate of boys in the middle test and post test was slightly higher than that of girls;At week 0,the accuracy of field independent group was significantly higher than that of field dependent group(p=0.04).In the overall analysis of Stroop reaction,the time of anti application was the shortest in the 12 th week,followed by the 8th week;In terms of accuracy,the field independent group had the highest accuracy at week 0 and the lowest accuracy at week 8,while the field dependent group had the highest accuracy at week 8.4.In the 1-back reaction time,the average reaction time of boys in the field independent group was shorter than that of girls in the pretest and midtest,the average reaction time of boys in the field dependent group was slightly shorter than that of girls in the pretest,and the average reaction time of boys in the midtest and posttest was longer than that of girls in the field dependent group;In the field independent group,the reaction time at week 8 was significantly shorter than that at week 0,p=0.011,and that at week 12 was significantly lower than that at week 0,p=0.001;In the field dependent group,the reaction time at week 0 was significantly longer than that at week 8,p=0.035,and the reaction time at week 12 was significantly shorter than that at week 0,p=0.006,with little change compared with other weeks.In terms of accuracy,there was no significant difference between male and female students in the field independent group in the pretest,and the average accuracy of male students in the middle test and post test was higher than that of female students;In the field dependence group,the average accuracy rate of boys in the pretest was slightly higher than that of girls,but the situation was opposite in the middle test,and the effect caused by gender difference in the post test did not change much.In addition,different groups have different changes.The accuracy and reaction time of the field independent group are inversely proportional,while the accuracy and reaction time of the field dependent group do not achieve this effect.From the overall data,the response time and accuracy of the 1-back experiment of the field independent group are better than those of the field dependent group.5.In the reaction time of cognitive transformation,the boys in the field independent group were faster than the girls,the boys in the field dependent group were slightly faster than the girls in the pretest,and the boys were slightly slower than the girls in the middle test and post test;In the field independent group,the reaction time of More Odd shiftin experiment at week 8 was significantly shorter than that at week 0,p=0.017,and that at week 12 was significantly lower than that at week 0,p=0.005;The field dependent group did not change much in different weeks.In the accuracy rate,field independent men were slightly higher than field independent women,field dependent men had higher accuracy rate in the pretest than field dependent women,but field dependent men were lower than field dependent women in the mid test and post test;The accuracy rate of the field independent group showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing,with the highest at week 8 and the lowest at week 0.The accuracy rate of the field dependent group at week 12>week8>week 0,in which the accuracy rate at week 12 was significantly higher than that at week 0,p=0.046.On the whole,the accuracy and reaction time of the field dependent group showed an inverse proportion,while the field independent group did not show an inverse proportion,but all subjects had the shortest reaction time and the highest accuracy at week 8.In addition,the reaction time and accuracy of More Odd shifting in the field independent group were always better than those in the field dependent group,no matter in the pretest,middle test or post test.Research conclusions:(1)After eight weeks of basketball intervention,each dimension of college students’ executive control function has been improved to varying degrees,specifically,the reaction time of college students in the four task paradigms has been shortened.(2)In the pretest,middle test and post test of basketball intervention,field independent individuals were better than field dependent individuals in terms of reaction time and accuracy of mental rotation,Stroop experiment,1-back and More Odd shifting. |
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