| This research adopts the research methods of literature,questionnaire,expert interview,Delphi and AHP,and takes the evaluation index of the special physical quality of mountain cyclists as the research object.200 professional mountain cyclists with the sports grade of international master,master and level 1 are selected as the test objects in the mountain cycling teams of Liaoning,Jiangsu,Yunnan,Gansu,Shanxi and other provinces.The collected original indicators include: 5 first-level indicators,13 second-level indicators and 54 third-level indicators.Through a questionnaire survey of 30 authoritative mountain bike coaches and sports training experts,Delphi conducted a three-round screening of indicators,and finally obtained 23 third-level indicators for the evaluation of the special physical fitness of mountain cyclists.Then,the questionnaire on the weight of the special physical fitness evaluation index system of mountain cyclists was distributed to the experts,the questionnaire was retrieved and the data in the questionnaire were sorted out,the weight of the special physical fitness index of mountain cyclists was determined by the analytic hierarchy process,the selected test subjects were tested and the experimental data were obtained,and the cumulative scoring method was used to calculate the special physical fitness test results of male and female mountain cyclists respectively,Through the weighted comprehensive evaluation,the comprehensive results of the special physical quality of male and female mountain cyclists were obtained.Finally,the special physical fitness of male and female mountain cyclists is graded by using the deviation method and five-grade scoring method,and the evaluation standard of the special physical fitness of mountain cyclists is established to provide the reference basis for the evaluation standard of the special physical fitness of Chinese mountain cyclists.The following conclusions are obtained through the research and analysis of the data:1、Strength quality and endurance quality are two important first-level indicators in the special physical quality of mountain cyclists.Lower limb strength,trunk strength,movement speed and aerobic endurance are more important second-level indicators.Through screening out 54 three-level indicators,23 representative indicators were finally obtained,and the evaluation index system of special fitness of mountain cyclists was constructed for use by coaches and high-level mountain cyclists.2、The determination of the weight of the evaluation index of the special physical quality of mountain cyclists: the weight of the first level index is: speed quality(0.1673),strength quality(0.3530),endurance quality(0.3573),flexibility quality(0.0594)and sensitivity quality(0.0617).Among the secondary indicators,lower limb strength(0.1662),trunk strength(0.1539)and aerobic endurance(0.2930)have higher weights.The third level indicators corresponding to the lower limb strength of the second level indicators are standing long jump(0.0369),second level frog jump(0.0368),vertical jump(0.0435),and squat relative strength(0.0390).The weight sum of the plate support(0.0589),30 s sit-ups(0.0469),30 s fast push-ups(0.0481),3000m(0.1271),and 30-minute average power relative value(W/KG-power/weight)(0.1659)corresponding to the trunk strength is higher.3、In this paper,the progressive scoring method is used to calculate the individual results of the special physical fitness of male and female mountain cyclists,and then the comprehensive results of the special physical fitness test of male and female cyclists are obtained through the weighted comprehensive evaluation.Finally,according to the comprehensive evaluation results,the comprehensive evaluation criteria for the special physical quality of mountain cyclists were established: the score above 7.63 was the top,6.76-7.63 was the top,5.09-6.76 was the middle,3.53-5.09 was the bottom,and 3.53 was the bottom.Coaches can use the constructed evaluation index system for the special physical quality of mountain cyclists,and attach importance to strengthening the training of the five physical qualities of athletes,namely strength,speed,endurance,flexibility and agility.When formulating the training plan,we should formulate it according to the situation of mountain cyclists.The effect of physical fitness training of athletes can be effectively evaluated according to the physical fitness evaluation index system built in this paper,predict the current sports level of mountain cyclists,and adjust the training plan in time. |
