Experimental Study Of High-Intensity Interval Training On The Physical Fitness Level Of Secondary Vocational Students

As an important component of vocational education,vocational education in China is closely related to the health status of secondary vocational school students,which directly affects the quality of future vocational education.Currently,empirical studies on physical health intervention in secondary vocational school students remain insufficient.Therefore,this paper intends to investigate the impact of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on the physical fitness of secondary vocational school students with an aim to provide more theoretical and empirical reference for improving the physical fitness of secondary vocational school students.Methodology: This study employed literature review,expert interviews,experiments,and mathematical statistics as research methods to investigate the impact of high-intensity interval training and moderate-intensity continuous training on the physical fitness level of vocational school students.Two classes from Changsha County Vocational Middle School were selected as the experimental objects and randomly divided into control group and experimental group with 40 participants each(20 males and 20 females).According to the theory of high-intensity interval training and medium-intensity continuous training,and combined with the physical quality characteristics of secondary vocational students,the training scheme was designed.The control group used the medium-intensity continuous training and adopted the action combination training with the exercise intensity of 55-65%HRmax,and the experimental group used the high-intensity interval training and adopted the action combination training.Exercise intensity is 80-90%HRmax,The control group underwent moderate-intensity continuous training while the experimental group underwent high-intensity interval training.After an 8-week training period,differences in physical health indicators between the two groups,including height,weight,BMI,lung capacity,50 m,800m,1000 m,sit-ups,standing long jump,pull-ups,and sit-and-reach,Statistical software SPSS 20.0 and GraphPad prism 9 were used for statistics and analysis of the data.The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation(X±S),and the data were analyzed by T-test.P < 0.05 was considered as significant difference,and P < 0.01 was considered as very significant difference..Results:(1)Physical Characteristics: There were significant differences in weight and BMI index between male and female students in the control group before and after the experiment(P<0.01).Similarly,significant differences were observed in weight and BMI index before and after the experiment in the experimental group for both male and female students(P <0.01).After the experiment,there were no significant differences in weight and BMI index between male and female students in the experimental group when compared to the control group.(2)Body Functionality: There were significant differences(P < 0.01)in lung capacity between male and female participants in the experimental and control groups before and after the experiment.Following the experiment,there was no significant difference in lung capacity between male and female participants in the experimental and control groups.(3)Physical Fitness:(1)Regarding the speed aspect,there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in the 50 m sprint time between male and female students in the control group before and after the experiment.However,there was a significant difference(P<0.01)in the 50 m sprint time between male and female students in the experimental group before and after the experiment.Additionally,after the experiment,compared to the control group,there was a significant difference(P<0.05)in the improvement of 50 m sprint time for male and female students in the experimental group,with a more significant improvement in the experimental group.(2)Concerning endurance,there was a significant difference(P<0.05)in the 1000 m or 800 m running time between male and female students in the control group before and after the experiment.However,there was a very significant difference(P<0.01)in the running time between male and female students in the experimental group before and after the experiment.After the experiment,compared to the control group,there was a significant difference(P<0.05)in the improvement of running time for male and female students in the experimental group,with a better improvement in the experimental group.(3)Regarding strength,there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in standing long jump and pull-up between male students in the control group before and after the experiment,nor in standing long jump for female students.However,there was a significant difference(P<0.05)in sit-ups for female students in the control group before and after the experiment.In contrast,there was a significant difference(P<0.05)in standing long jump and pull-up between male students and standing long jump and sit-ups for female students in the experimental group before and after the experiment,with a very significant difference(P<0.01)in standing long jump and sit-ups for female students.After the experiment,compared to the control group,there was a significant difference(P<0.05)in the improvement of standing long jump and pull-up for male students and standing long jump and sit-ups for female students in the experimental group.(4)Lastly,regarding flexibility,there was no significant difference(P>0.05)in the sit and reach test between male and female students in the control and experimental groups before and after the experiment.Conclusion:(1)In terms of physical morphology,high-intensity interval training(HIIT)and moderate-intensity continuous training(MICT)have a positive effect on improving the body weight and BMI index of secondary vocational students.(2)In terms of physical function,high-intensity interval training has shown greater effectiveness in improving lung capacity.(3)In terms of physical fitness,high-intensity interval training has a more positive effect on improving the aerobic endurance,speed,and strength of vocational school students.Both training methods are equally effective for improving flexibility.