Analysis Of Kinematics And Surface Electromyography Characteristics Of Technical Movements Of High Horizontal Kick And Push Kick For Excellent Taekwondo Athletes

Research objectives:In this study,sports biomechanics analysis was carried out on the test of the high horizontal kick technical movement of the right leg controlled leg catch of 7 female excellent taekwondo athletes.VICON camera was used to conduct three-dimensional motion capture to obtain the image acquisition of the athletes’ complete technical movement.The kinematics and surface electromyography parameters of the high horizontal kick technical movement of high-level athletes were quantitatively studied.The purpose is to explore the structure and power characteristics of the technical movement,and explore the relationship between the kinematics and surface electromyographic activity changes from an objective perspective,so as to provide a certain theoretical basis for the research on the technical movement of Taekwondo leg control catch high horizontal kick,and provide a reference for competitive sports coaches and athletes in competition and training.Research methods:By using VICON(acquisition frequency 100hz)three-dimensional motion capture technology and NORAXON(acquisition frequency 2000hz)wireless electromyograph,the biomechanical characteristics of the four stages of push,kick and high horizontal kick technical movements of 7 excellent Taekwondo athletes were analyzed.Finally,EXCEL2017,SPSS25.0,and Origin2022 were used for data processing and mapping.Research results:(1)In the technical action of push kick and high horizontal kick,the percentage of time of start time,push time,horizontal time and end time is 15%,17%,28% and 40%.(2)The displacement characteristics of hip,knee and toe of this technical movement are toe > knee > hip,and the maximum displacement of toe appears in the stage of push and kick;The maximum displacement of knee joint appeared in the start-up stage.Maximum hip displacement occurs during the push and kick phase.(3)Knee joint speed > toe speed > hip joint speed in the starting stage of swinging leg;Toe speed > knee speed > hip speed in push and kick phase;Toe speed > knee speed > hip joint speed in transverse kick;In the end stage,foot speed > knee speed >hip joint speed,the foot speed is the fastest,followed by knee joint,and hip joint is the slowest.The first peak of foot speed occurred during the push kick motion,followed by a second peak during the transverse kick.The knee joint was fastest during the initiation of the knee lift,and the overall hip joint speed changed little.(4)The order of muscle activation was left half tendinous and half membranous muscle,right gastrocnemius lateral muscle,left biceps femoris,left tibialis anterior muscle,left rectus femoris,right tibialis anterior muscle,left erector spinus,right rectus femoris,left rectus abdominis,left gluteus maximus,right rectus abdominis,right erector spinus.(5)The integrated EMG value of each muscle was the largest in the end stage,followed by the transverse kick stage,and the minimum in the starting and pushing kick stages.The order of integrated EMG value from large to small was: right semitendinosemememeal muscle > right rectus femoris > left tibialis anterior muscle >right erector spinus muscle > right gluteus maximus > left rectus abdominis > left gluteus maximus > right rectus abdominis > right biceps femoris > left biceps femoris > left semitendinosemememeal muscle.(6)The regression equation model of speed and strength showed that the more force the right gluteus maximus,left half tendinous half membrane and left half tendinous half membrane,the faster the speed;In the push and kick phase,the greater the force of the right gastrocnemius and right erector spinae,the faster the movement speed;The higher the strength of the left and right gastrocnemius muscle,the faster the speed.At the end of the stage,the greater the force of the left half tendinosemembrane muscle,the faster the speed.Research conclusion:(1)In the push kick and high horizontal kick,the end stage takes the longest time and the start stage takes the shortest time.Due to the long time spent at the end of the movement,it is easy for the opponent to seize the opportunity to counterattack,in actual combat and competition should pay attention to the use of the timing.(2)The speed of the hip joint,knee joint and foot is proportional to the displacement.The speed of the knee joint is the fastest in the start stage,the speed of the foot is the fastest in the push kick stage,the speed of the foot is the fastest in the cross kick stage,and the speed of the foot is also the fastest in the end stage.Therefore,attention should be paid to the requirement of the speed of the end joint of the toe in training.(3)tibialis anterior,left gastrocnemius lateral,right erector spinus and right rectus femoris have high integrated electromyography value and strong ability to recruit muscle fibers,which are the main muscle group to complete the movement.The left half tendinous half membrane muscle and the right gastrocnemius muscle were activated the earliest laterally,which was important for the movement initiation.Although the right erector spinus muscle was activated the latest,its integrated electromyoelectric value was higher and its contribution rate was large,which may be more critical for the completion of the second half of the technical movement.(4)According to the results of the regression model,it can be seen that the gluteus maximus and semitondinus semitembra muscles can be emphasized in the training to improve the speed of the technical movement in the start-up stage.The gastrocnemius and erector spinae muscles can be trained by increasing the speed of push and kick.Improving the speed of transverse kick can focus on training gastrocnemius;Reduce the end time of the movement can focus on the exercise of the half tendon and half model muscle.