Research On Hybrid Energy Harvesting System And Multifunctional Antenna

With the application of the 5th generation mobile communication technology and Wireless Power Transmission(IoT)technology,the number of electronic devices such as small base station antennas and low-power sensors has shown an explosive growth.These electronic devices face a series of problems such as variable environment,complex power supply lines,waste of resources and environmental pollution when they are wired or powered by batteries.In order to solve these problems,the concept of wireless energy transmission technology and self-powered electronic devices has been proposed and widely emphasized,and has gradually become a popular research area.At the same time,with the uninterrupted development of communication technology,the energy density of electromagnetic signals in the environment is increasing.If these energy present in the environment is collected and utilized,the growing problem of energy scarcity can be used to solve.Therefore,the concept of a hybrid RF and solar energy harvesting system is proposed,it is capable of harvesting both types of energy,reducing the environmental sensitivity of a single energy source and increasing the output of the harvesting system.On the other hand,the self-powered antenna is also a way to solve the inconvenience of wired power supply for electronic devices.Solar energy has a large energy density,and it is the largest energy source that can be utilized and developed in the world,and by collecting solar energy and converting it into electrical energy to provide energy for communication electronic devices,a self-powered system can be widely used in the fields of UAVs,small satellites,etc.This system eliminates the need to face the various problems encountered with wired charging.With regard to the problems and proposed concepts in the above,the research in this paper is divided into two main aspects:(1)Firstly,based on the principle of wireless energy transmission and antenna design,a hybrid energy harvesting system based on a dual-band transparent dielectric resonator is proposed.The dual-band transparent dielectric antenna directly replaces the glass cover of the solar cell and is combined with a dual-band rectifier circuit to form a new compact hybrid energy harvester.Simulation and test results show that the hybrid energy harvesting system can collect both RF energy and solar energy without affecting the output efficiency of the solar cell,and the two different energy sources can form a complementary system.It improves the system’s adaptability to the environment and provides a more stable output.(2)For the design of the self-powered antenna,the principle of Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna is firstly introduced,and then the concept of solar cell and artificial magnetic conductor is combined and applied to the Fabry-Perot antenna to propose a low-profile multifunctional Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna.The solar cell is not only used as a solar-power conversion device in the system,but also the solar panel array functions as an artificial magnetic conductor,which provides a 0° reflection phase for the incident electromagnetic waves,and thus reduces the antenna profile height.The multifunctional antenna system can collect solar energy and convert it into electrical energy for the normal operation of the device while realizing the antenna radiation.Simulation and measurement results show that the Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antenna exhibits a good low-profile,high-gain characteristic,and the output power of the solar cell is largely unaffected by the transparent part of the antenna’s upper reflective surface.