Comparative Study Of Two Forms Of Exercise On Lower Limb Muscle Strength, Balance Ability And Fall Risk In The Elderl

Objective: To investigate the effects of two different forms of exercise,tai chi exercise and proprioceptive training,on lower limb muscle strength,balance function and fall risk factors in the elderly,and to provide an experimental basis for the development of an effective and precise fall prevention exercise program.Methods: The BAIOBIT 3D motion capture analysis system was used to test the fall risk of 133 elderly people in a retirement community in Tianjin,and 44 elderly people with low to moderate fall risk were selected as the subjects of this experiment in strict accordance with the nadir criteria and randomly divided into a proprioceptive group(n=22)and a taijiquan group(n=22).Both groups were trained for 40 min three times a week for 12 weeks,with the Taijiquan group being trained in 24 simplified Taijiquan and the proprioceptive group being trained in proprioception.Before and after the experiment,the lower limb muscle strength was tested with the 30-s sit-up test,the balance ability was tested with the closed-eye one-leg stand test and the functional forward extension test,the mobility ability was tested with the timed stand-walk test,the lower limb proprioception was tested with the joint angle reproduction test,and the gait parameters were tested with the G-WALK gait version of the BAIOBIT 3D motion capture analysis system.parameters.All experimental data were analyzed using Sp SS22.0 software,and t-test for independent samples was used for between-group comparisons;t-test for paired samples was used for within-group comparisons,with a significance level of P<0.05.Results: Muscle strength test:(1)After the intervention,compared with the pre-intervention,there was no significant change in the number of 30 s sit-ups in the proprioceptive group,which was not statistically significant(P>0.05);the number of30 s sit-ups in the taijiquan group increased significantly,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);(2)After the intervention,the number of 30 s sit-ups in the taijiquan group was significantly higher than that in the proprioceptive group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Balance ability index tests:(1)After the intervention,compared with the pre-intervention,the time of standing on one foot with eyes closed and the functional forward distance increased significantly in both the proprioceptive group and the taijiquan group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);(2)After the intervention,the time of standing on one foot with eyes closed was significantly lower in the taijiquan group compared with the proprioceptive group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);(3)After the intervention,the Taijiquan group compared with the proprioceptive group,there was no statistically significant difference in functional forward extension distance between the two groups(P>0.05).proprioceptive index tests:(1)After the intervention,compared with the pre-intervention,the difference in angular displacement of bilateral knee and ankle joints in both the proprioceptive and taijiquan groups decreased significantly,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);(2)After the intervention,the difference in angular displacement of bilateral knee joints in the taijiquan group was significantly smaller than that in the proprioceptive group compared with the taijiquan group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);(3)After the intervention,the difference in angular displacement of bilateral ankle joints in the taijiquan group was significantly higher than that in the proprioceptive group compared with the taijiquan group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Mobility index test:(1)After the intervention,compared with the pre-intervention period,both the proprioceptive group and the taijiquan group showed a statistically significant decrease in the timed up-and-go test time,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);(2)after the intervention,there was no significant difference in the timed up-and-go test time between the taijiquan and proprioceptive groups compared with the taijiquan group(P>0.05).Gait test:(1)After the intervention,compared with the pre-intervention period,the step speed,step frequency and stride length increased significantly in the proprioceptive and taijiquan groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);(2)After the intervention,compared with the pre-intervention period,the percentage of standing phase and the percentage of swing phase decreased significantly in the proprioceptive and taijiquan groups,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01);(3)After the intervention,there was no significant difference in the percentage of standing phase,step frequency and stride length,between the taijiquan and proprioceptive groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in step speed,step frequency and percentage of stride length,standing phase and swing phase between the two groups compared to the proprioceptive group(P>0.05).Conclusion:Taijiquan training and proprioceptive training had different degrees of improvement on lower limb muscle strength,balance,proprioception,and gait in75-80 years old.Taijiquan was better than proprioceptive training in improving lower limb muscle strength and knee proprioception in older adults;proprioception was better than taijiquan training in improving ankle proprioception in older adults,and both proprioceptive training and taijiquan training could reduce the risk of falls in older adults.