Privacy Protection Technology Of Agricultural Products Traceability System Based On Blockchain

Agricultural products are essential for daily human life.Ensuring their quality and safety is a long-term concern of society as a whole.The journey of agricultural products from the "farm" to the "table" involves various stages,including production,processing,transportation,and sales.Quality issues can arise at any of these stages.A traceability system can record data at each stage,allowing for quick identification of the root cause of quality problems.Traditional traceability systems rely on centralized cloud servers to store data,but these can be vulnerable to attacks and malicious tampering,creating a "single point of failure" and reducing data reliability.Blockchain’s tamper-proof feature offers a new solution for reliable agricultural product traceability.Its "chain" structure stores data and guarantees its invariance with cryptographic technology,overcoming the limitations of centralized systems.However,while blockchain aims to ensure transparent and tamper-proof data,it often lacks consideration for data privacy.In the agricultural product traceability system,data privacy involves protecting participant identity information and traceability data.In this paper,we construct a privacy-preserving blockchain-based agricultural product traceability system that protects data privacy while taking into account the efficiency of data storage and querying.Our work includes the following aspects:(1)To ensure the protection of participants’ identity information,a one-time pseudonym mechanism has been designed using improved zero-knowledge proof technology.This mechanism allows participants to generate a unique pseudonym every time they log into the system,making it impossible for attackers to obtain their identity information through the pseudonym.This provides anonymity protection for the participants’ identity information.Additionally,a multi-channel data collection and uploading architecture has been implemented.Each channel corresponds to a specific type of agricultural product information,providing data isolation for different types of agricultural products.This architecture also improves the efficiency of participants’ collection of agricultural product information.(2)As participants upload data to the blockchain,the amount of stored data increases,leading to a significant impact on the efficiency of on-chain data query and storage.To address this issue,an on-chain and off-chain collaborative storage architecture is designed to store agricultural data collected from multiple channels off-chain using the interstellar file system.This approach transfers the storage pressure from on-chain to off-chain.The on-chain system then stores only the hash addresses of the off-chain data,reducing the data volume of the agricultural product information on the chain and improving the data storage and query efficiency of the traceability system.(3)While the interstellar file system itself does not provide data encryption technology,the traceability information stored on the chain is still at risk of leakage.To address this concern,a method of protecting traceability information based on attribute encryption is proposed.This method uses attribute encryption technology to generate attribute private keys for participants to achieve "one-to-many" encryption and decryption of traceability information.Additionally,elliptic curve encryption is performed to enhance the security of hash addresses on the blockchain.This paper also proposes a log tracking mechanism based on smart contracts and utilizes the automatic execution of smart contracts to store the encrypted traceability information in the designed blockchain system automatically.This approach achieves fast query of traceability information.The experimental results indicate that the proposed scheme can safeguard the data privacy of the agricultural product traceability system with minimal time overhead and storage space requirements.Additionally,the on-chain and off-chain data storage architecture that was designed can meet the high throughput rate needed for the agricultural product traceability system.