Operation And Control Optimization Methods For Electric Vehicle Aggregators Participating In The Electric Power And Frequency Regulation Markets

In order to achieve the goal of "peak carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality"("carbon peak and carbon neutrality"),the power system is accelerating the development of a new type of power system with renewable energy as the main body.This change presents unprecedented challenges in the operation of the power system,as well as frequency control.As an emerging demand-side resource,electric vehicles can be managed by aggregators to charge and discharge in response to grid frequency deviations,which can guarantee the safe and stable operation of the power system to achieve good social benefits.Currently,electric vehicles are not yet actually involved in grid frequency regulation for the following main reasons:(1)the development of electric vehicles is in its infancy,and their number is not large enough to participate in grid frequency regulation;(2)aggregators need to act as agents for vehicle owners to purchase electric power in the electric power market to meet their charging needs,but China’s power grid has not yet formed a more mature demand-side participation mechanism in the electric power market;(3)the revenue of demandside participation in frequency regulation auxiliary services has a great impact on its willingness to participate in the frequency regulation auxiliary services market,but the market mechanism and compensation mechanism for demand-side provision of frequency regulation auxiliary services in China’s power grid is still in the exploration stage.Based on the above background,from the perspective of electric vehicle aggregators,this paper considers the three aspects of electric power purchase cost,frequency regulation performance and frequency regulation revenue,increase the overall interest of electric vehicles aggregators in the electric power and frequency regulation market to enhance their participation in the electric power and frequency regulation market,and proposes an operation and control optimization methods for electric vehicle aggregators participating in the electric power and frequency regulation market,and the specific research content is as follows:(1)The operation mechanism of electric power and frequency regulation market considering electric vehicle aggregators is studied.the typical domestic and foreign electric power and frequency regulation market operation mechanism is introduced,to maximize the overall benefits for electric vehicle aggregators in the electric power and frequency regulation market,considering our national conditions in the context of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality",referring to the above-mentioned operation mechanism of electric power and frequency regulation market,combining their characteristics,the operation mechanism of the electric power and frequency regulation market that accounts for electric vehicle aggregators is discussed.(2)The two-stage bidding strategy for electric vehicle aggregators to participate in the electric energy market is studied,which incorporates an overall charge/discharge constraint for the electric vehicle cluster and considers the cost of carbon in the bid strategy objectives.Firstly,a mathematical model construction method for large-scale electric vehicle clusters is proposed;secondly,a two-stage bidding model for electric vehicle aggregators to participate in the electric power market is established.In the case simulation,it is verified that the proposed strategy minimizes the total cost of electric power purchase for electric vehicle aggregators,and the influence of charging and discharging behavior of electric vehicle cluster on the city load peaks and troughs is reduced.(3)The joint optimization method of electric vehicle aggregators participating in frequency regulation auxiliary services is studied.Firstly,an evaluation method of the frequency regulation capacity of electric vehicle clusters is proposed;secondly,a joint optimization model for load frequency control with electric vehicle clusters is constructed,improvements to the equilibrium optimizer algorithm,and apply it to the parameter optimization of electric vehicle cluster controller and AGC controller.In the case simulation,it is verified that the improved algorithm proposed in this paper has stronger optimization performance in finding the best,and the joint optimization method proposed in this paper can fully exploit the primary frequency regulation potential of vehicle cluster clusters,maximize the frequency regulation gain of vehicle cluster aggregators,and improve the frequency regulation performance of the power system.In summary,the proposed method can maximize the overall benefits of vehicle cluster aggregators in the electric power and frequency regulation market,enhance the frequency regulation performance of the power system,improve the friendliness of vehicle cluster clusters to the power grid,and the proposed model solution time meets the practical engineering requirements and has good application prospects.