Research On The Impact Of Interest Rate Marketization And Financial Supervision On The Risk Assumption Of Commercial Banks

China’s economic construction has opened up a new chapter of development after the reform and opening up,the long-term interest rate control policy has been unable to meet the requirements of economic development,China has learned from foreign reform experience and combined with its own reality,carried out the road of interest rate reform.As early as 1996,the liberalization of interbank offered market interest rates marked the official opening of China’s interest rate marketization.In 2015,the central bank relaxed the upper limit on deposit interest rates for commercial banks and rural cooperative financial institutions,marking the basic completion of China’s interest rate marketization reform.After the interest rate reform,banks have the opportunity to set their own prices,which greatly improves the allocation efficiency of funds and strengthens effective competition between banks,but at the same time,banks also need to face problems caused by narrowing net interest margins,intensified competition,and interest rate fluctuations.In this case,in order to maintain normal returns,commercial banks have increased the possibility of investing in high-risk and high-yield projects,which will lead to banks increasing systemic risks and possibly triggering financial risks,reducing the stability of the entire financial system.At the same time,in recent years,the financial regulatory authorities have also proposed higher capital adequacy ratio levels and stricter capital supervision for the banking industry,which will have a greater impact on the risk borne by banks.The paper first analyzes the mechanism of interest rate marketization and financial supervision on the risk bearing of commercial banks,and puts forward three theoretical assumptions accordingly,and then selects the influencing indicators of risk bearing,and analyzes the dynamic correlation and influence of interest rate marketization,financial supervision and other factors on bank risk using gray correlation analysis and panel regression model.In order to study the impact of interest rate marketization reform on the risk assumption of different types of commercial banks,the sample data are divided into three types: large commercial banks,joint-stock commercial banks and urban commercial banks.The empirical results show that indicators such as asset yield,net interest margin and capital adequacy ratio are all highly correlated with the non-performing loan ratio,while the proportion of non-interest income and the non-performing loan ratio are slightly inferior.Interest rate marketization has increased the level of bank risk bearing,the level of capital adequacy ratio has reduced the degree of risk faced by banks,and under the dual role of interest rate marketization and capital supervision,the risk level of banks will be improved;for the three types of banks,it can be found that in the context of interest rate marketization reform,state-owned banks have not increased risk pressure because of the tightening of deposit and loan spreads,which is closely related to the trust of customers of state-owned banks.In the face of strict capital adequacy ratio supervision,only the risk level of joint-stock commercial banks has been significantly reduced,and joint-stock banks have paid more attention to diversified operations,reasonably adjusted the scope of operation,and developed in a more stable direction.