| Facing the VUCA era of "volatility","uncertainty","complexity" and"ambiguity",the internal and external boundaries of organizations are gradually fading.Specialization and reciprocity have become an important direction for the survival and development of enterprises,and the traditional organizational model is gradually changing to "cooperative symbiosis".In the process of inter-organization and intra-organization cooperation,the social dilemma of the conflict between individual interests and collective interests has become a management problem to be solved.In the ever-expanding and ever-flattening organizations how to effectively promote cooperation has always been the focus of scholars in management,psychology,economics and other fields.In the process of exploring this problem,the endogenous reward and punishment mechanism has become one of the solutions that researchers focus on because of its advantages of both structural and motivational schemes.Existing researches on reward and punishment mechanisms have explored the effects of different types of reward and punishment mechanisms on cooperation and their general behavior forms.However,most of the relevant researches have compared and analyzed the effects of reward and punishment mechanisms on cooperation at the team level,and have not paid enough attention to the individual level.It remains to be further analyzed and demonstrated through which channels and ways reward and punishment mechanisms can influence individual cooperative behaviors and thus produce comprehensive effects at the team level.Based on the above theoretical and practical background,this study starts from the economic and social reward and punishment mechanisms,compares and analyzes the differences in the impact of different mechanisms on cooperation,and further explores the specific channels of the impact of reward and punishment mechanisms on cooperation.This study is based on the most classic public goods game experiment,according to the incentive theory,social comparison theory,social interaction theory and other relevant theories to explore the effects of different reward and punishment mechanisms on cooperation,as well as the channels and ways.Through literature research,laboratory experiments and other methods,using Stata software for mathematical statistical analysis,and the following conclusions are drawn for relevant research issues:Firstly,social reward and punishment mechanism can effectively improve the level of cooperation at the team level,while economic reward and punishment mechanism in this study does not show a significant promoting effect.Secondly,under both economic and social reward and punishment mechanisms,individuals use reward or punishment to some extent,and reward and punishment show a relatively clear directivity.Among them,reward generally points to high cooperators,while punishment generally points to low cooperators.Thirdly,based on the social comparison caused by information disclosure,the social reward and punishment mechanism mainly influences individual cooperative behavior through three channels:potential reward and punishment atmosphere,giving reward and punishment,and receiving reward and punishment.Specifically speaking,one is the potential reward and punishment atmosphere and social comparison together to promote the level of cooperation.The second is that giving social rewards or punishments to others can promote the subsequent cooperative behavior of the givers.The third is that social punishment from others will have a comprehensive impact on individuals’ subsequent behavior decisions.For the economic reward and punishment mechanism,the potential reward and punishment atmosphere effectively improved the level of individual cooperation,but giving and receiving of reward and punishment did not have a significant impact on individual cooperation. |
