A Study On The Impact Of Social Insurance Rate Adjustment On The Balance Of Local Social Insurance Funds

The Party’s "Twenty National Congress" put forward the grand strategy of comprehensively promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation with Chinese-style modernization,and regarded the sound multi-layered social security system covering the whole people,coordinating urban and rural areas,fair and unified,safe and standardized,and sustainable as an important content of Chinese-style modernization.Perfecting social insurance system becomes the important starting point of perfecting our multi-level social security system.Under the double background of the current tax and fee reduction policy and the aging population,the adjustment of the social insurance rate(hereinafter referred to as "social security rate")is bound to affect the balance of payments of the social insurance fund(hereinafter referred to as "Social security fund").This paper takes Anhui Province as the research object,2011-2031 as the research period,2011-2022 as the calculation period,2023-2031 as the forecast period,and constructs the actuarial model of fund collection and payment of basic pension insurance for urban workers,basic medical insurance for urban workers,unemployment insurance and industrial injury insurance respectively.On the basis of population prediction based on Malthusian model of population growth,three groups of payment rates are set up to calculate the gap of income,basic expenditure and payment of each insurance fund.In this paper,the relative index is the ratio of the gap between the collection and payment of various insurance funds and the local fiscal revenue,and the absolute index is added to measure the size of the local financial burden.Based on the changing trends of the two indicators,we will study and judge a plan to adjust social security rates so as to reduce the burden on enterprises and not increase the financial burden on local governments.The empirical calculation results are as follows: First,at present,the unit contribution rate of urban workers’ basic endowment insurance in Anhui Province is 16%,and the current expenditure has already exceeded the current collection income.Rate reduction,revenue gap will gradually increase,local financial burden.Second,at present,the contribution rate of Anhui urban employees’ basic medical insurance fund is 6%.The collection income of pooling fund is higher than the basic medical expenditure,and there is a large surplus in the current period,so there is room for the reduction of the rate.In order to ensure that the revenue and expenditure of collection can achieve independent balance,it can be reduced by 1%-2% on the current basis.Third,at present,Anhui Province’s unemployment insurance fund unit contribution rate is 0.5%,the current collection income is higher than the basic expenditure,and there is a large surplus.In order to ensure the fund independent balance,there is 0.15%-0.2% reduction of the rate space.Fourth,the average payment rate of industrial injury insurance in Anhui Province is0.25% at present.The reduction of the payment rate of industrial injury insurance leads to the continuous expansion of the current income and expenditure gap,the ratio continues to decline,and the local financial burden increases.Based on the current situation analysis,theoretical analysis and the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the balance of payments of social insurance funds.First,adjust the social insurance premium rate scientifically and timely;Second,strengthen the collection and management of social insurance funds;Third,we will strengthen the management of expenditures of social insurance funds.Fourth,we will improve the parameters of the social insurance fund system.