Study On The Influencing Factors And Optimization Path Of Farmers’ Livelihood Vulnerability

Livelihood mode is the means that farmers depend on for survival.Choosing suitable livelihood mode and production mode is an important means to improve farmers’ living standard.Based on the survey data of 300 rural households in Zhenlai County,Jilin Province,this paper uses entropy method,principal component analysis method,Kendall coordination coefficient W test,multiple linear regression model,binary Logistic regression model and Eta correlation analysis.The degree of livelihood vulnerability,influencing factors and optimization path of farmers with different livelihood modes in Zhenlai County were studied in detail.Firstly,the index system of livelihood vulnerability evaluation was constructed,the entropy method was used to calculate livelihood vulnerability,and the calculation results were verified by principal component analysis method,so as to quantitatively measure and evaluate the exposure,sensitivity and adaptability of farmers with different livelihood modes.Secondly,the index system of influencing factors of livelihood vulnerability was constructed.Multiple linear regression model and binary Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of livelihood vulnerability of rural households in Zhenlai County as a whole and farmers with different livelihood modes,so as to identify the influence of livelihood factors on livelihood mode selection.Thirdly,Eta correlation analysis was used to discuss the correlation between farmers’ livelihood style and exposure level,sensitivity level,adaptability level and livelihood vulnerability level.Finally,the paper puts forward the optimization path of farmers’ livelihood mode with planting industry and planting-breeding industry as the main livelihood mode respectively.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)There is a large gap in the livelihood vulnerability level of farmers with different livelihood modes.The livelihood vulnerability of farming farmers was significantly lower than that of farming and breeding farmers.The risk degree of breeding trade was the highest,followed by the risk degree of farming trade.Among the sensitivity indexes,the sensitive value of planting income ratio of farmers is higher,while the sensitive value of planting and breeding farmers is higher.The adaptability index of planting farmers was higher than that of farming and breeding farmers.(2)The influencing factors of livelihood vulnerability of farmers with different livelihood modes are different.The education level of household heads,whether the household heads master skills,self-organization ability and social risk have a negative impact on the livelihood vulnerability of all the farmers in Zhenlai County,while the income proportion of farming,whether there are disabled people,family size and natural risks have a positive impact on the livelihood vulnerability of all the farmers in Zhenlai County.The livelihood vulnerability of farming households was negatively affected by whether they had mastered their craft or not,while the income proportion of farming households,whether there were disabled persons,family size and natural risks had significantly positive effects on livelihood vulnerability.The livelihood vulnerability was negatively affected by the skill,self-organization ability and social risk of the household head in the plant-breeding industry.(3)Livelihood vulnerability factors have a certain impact on the choice of livelihood mode.The higher the income proportion of planting industry,the easier to choose planting industry living mode;otherwise,it is easier to choose planting industry-breeding living mode.The more livestock and poultry are raised,the easier it is for farmers to choose planting and breeding as their main means of living.The stronger the self-organization ability,the easier it is for farmers to choose planting as their main means of living.(4)There is a strong correlation between livelihood vulnerability and livelihood mode choice.The level of livelihood vulnerability of farming farmers was lower than that of farming and breeding farmers.The exposure and sensitivity levels of farmers who chose planting livelihood were lower.There is a weak correlation between livelihood style and adaptability index.(5)Optimize the livelihood vulnerability of farmers with different livelihood modes.In this paper,specific optimization paths were proposed for crop farmers in Zhendalai County from four aspects: preventing natural risks,improving learning ability,improving income level and improving buffer ability,while specific optimization paths were proposed for crop farmers in Dalai County from three aspects: preventing social risks,improving learning ability and improving self-organizing ability.