Research On The International Competitiveness Of Digital Service Trade Between China, Japan And South Korea And Its Influencing Factor

At present,the integration and penetration of digital technology and service trade are deepening,promoting the development of service trade in the direction of digital services.The dominant position of digital service trade in service trade is gradually emerging,becoming a new engine of global trade growth and an important content in international competition.Keeping up with the trend of The Times,China,Japan and the ROK are steadily advancing the development of digital service trade.In March 2021,China’s 14 th Five-Year Plan and 2035 Vision Outline clearly set out to build a digital China,accelerate digital industrialization and deepen the digital transformation of the service industry.Japan in the CPTPP(1)and UJDTA(2)both have clearly expressed their views on promoting digital trade liberalization;In 2021,Korea passed the EU’s "adequacy assessment" process for data protection and proposed "Digital New Deal 2.0." Although China,Japan and the ROK are each other’s important economic and trade partners,trade in digital services is in different stages of development,with big differences in development.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the international competitiveness of trilateral digital service trade and its influencing factors for the cooperation and development of trilateral digital service trade.In view of this,this paper takes China-Japan-ROK digital service trade as the research object,combines index analysis,comparative analysis and empirical analysis to study the competitiveness of ChinaJapan-ROK digital service trade and its influencing factors.Finally,it puts forward some policy suggestions based on the research conclusion,and puts forward some suggestions for developing our digital service trade.This paper mainly includes the following six parts:The first and second parts,introduction and literature review.Firstly,the research background,significance,content and innovation of this paper are expounded.Secondly,the digital service trade and its related concepts are explained,and the relevant literature of digital service trade,international competitiveness and its influencing factors are reviewed.On this basis,the economic theory used in this paper is expounded.The third part studies the development status of digital service trade among China,Japan and South Korea.Firstly,from the perspective of scale and structure,it is found that the proportion of digital service trade in China is slightly higher than that in Japan,and the development trend is good,but the trade structure is unreasonable.Korea is in a weak position in terms of trade size and structure.After that,by comparing and analyzing the competitiveness of the three countries’ digital service trade through international market share,revealed comparative advantage index and trade competitive advantage index,it is found that the international competitiveness of the digital service trade of China and Japan is obviously better than that of South Korea.The fourth part studies the influence mechanism of the international competitiveness of China-Japan-South Korea digital service trade.Firstly,the influence path of competitiveness of digital service trade is analyzed through two basic directions of digital transformation of service trade.Secondly,based on path analysis,data factors,innovation factors,policy environment and other factors play a great role in the whole process of digital service production.These factors are directly related to a country’s own digital technology level,service industry development level,digital infrastructure,demand level and government policies,so as to explore the influence mechanism of international competitiveness of digital service trade.The fifth part studies the factors influencing the international competitiveness of China,Japan and South Korea’s digital service trade.This paper selects panel data of China,Japan and South Korea from 2005 to 2020 for empirical analysis.Through baseline regression analysis,heterogeneity analysis of subcategories of digital service trade,endogeneity test and robust test analysis,it is found that the development level of service industry and domestic capital accumulation will significantly promote the international competitiveness of digital service trade of the three countries.When the digital service industry lacks international competitiveness,on the one hand,the increase of per capita GDP inhibits its international competitiveness;on the other hand,the development level of digital infrastructure promotes the development of local digital service industry,while external digital services will quickly seize the domestic consumer market.The weak international competitiveness of the financial and insurance sectors of the three countries is mainly due to the high degree of restrictions in this sector of the three countries.The development level of other commercial services tends to be mature and relatively high.Part Ⅵ,conclusion and suggestion.The results show that: first,China is in a dominant position in the total volume of digital service trade,and its growth rate is the fastest,but its trade structure is not as complete as Japan and South Korea;Second,China and Japan have significant advantages in international market share.China is the only country that has achieved trade surplus.In terms of international competitive advantage,Japan is the only country with significant competitive advantage,and China will soon have competitive advantage.Third,the service industry development level,foreign direct investment and openness of the three countries will significantly enhance the international competitiveness of their digital service trade.Fourth,when the domestic digital service industry has weak advantages,the increase of per capita GDP will inhibit the international competitiveness of digital service trade.The level of digital infrastructure promotes the development of local digital services and accelerates the occupation of local market by external digital services.Fifth,there are slight differences in the determinants of various subcategories of digital services,but the main influencing factors are still the development level of service industry,digital infrastructure and government factors.Based on the research conclusions,this paper puts forward the following conclusions:first,accelerate the construction of digital infrastructure and narrow the "digital divide";Second,vigorously develop the service industry and accelerate the digital transformation of the service industry;Third,moderately raise the level of opening up of the financial,insurance and cultural sectors;Fourth,take an active part in global digital trade governance to enhance China’s voice in digital trade.Fifth,it is a policy proposal to promote development with digital empowerment and regional integration agreements.