Digital Transformation And The Disposition Tendency Of Enterprise Human Capital

Digital economy takes data resource as the key element and modern information network as the main carrier,through the integration of cloud computing,artificial intelligence and other technologies with different economic forms,enabling industrial structure transformation and upgrading,to boost national economic development and growth,is becoming an important thrust of high-quality economic development in the new period of the 14 th Five-Year Plan.The development of digital economy is related to the trend of the national economy,which is highly valued by the CPC Central Committee and the country.In October 2019,the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19 th CPC Central Committee defined data as one of the seven factors of production for the first time,which not only reflects the great changes in the current enterprise development environment,but also indicates that the current economic development mode is producing epoch-making new changes.The digital transformation of micro enterprises has become an important trend in the development and change of enterprises worldwide.The digital transformation of enterprises is not only the innovation of production system from traditional to digital,but also an important embodiment of economic growth promoted by science and technology.In addition,according to the statistics of China Sharing Economy Development Report,the number of labor force generated by digital economy reached 6.23 million in 2019 alone.The development of macro digital economy promotes the digital transformation of micro enterprises,which not only creates opportunities to solve the employment problem and realize high-quality employment in China,but also brings new challenges.Therefore,from the perspective of enterprise digital transformation,this paper focuses on the human capital allocation of micro enterprises,combines the employment polarization theory,technology bias theory and signal transmission theory to analyze,and explores the influence path and mechanism of digital transformation on enterprise human capital allocation.In this paper,empirical analysis is adopted.China’s A-share listed companies are selected as samples,and2011-2021 is taken as sample interval.Firstly,the paper empirically examines the impact and mechanism of digital transformation on the scale and quality of human capital allocation.Secondly,it explores the differences of the above influences in different situations such as macro regional characteristics,meso-industrial characteristics and micro property rights characteristics.Finally,the paper further discusses the possible economic consequences of the change of human capital allocation caused by digital transformation.The empirical results show that enterprises’ digital transformation can affect the quantity and quality of human capital allocation through enhancing information transparency,improving internal management ability and increasing innovation input.Specifically,the higher the degree of digital transformation,the larger the scale of labor employment,and the higher the proportion of employees with bachelor’s degree or above.Heterogeneity test shows that in the eastern region,technology-intensive industries and state-owned enterprises,digital transformation plays a more significant role in improving the scale of human capital allocation,while in the central and western regions,digital transformation plays a stronger role in improving the quality of human capital allocation in non-technology-intensive industries and non-state-owned enterprises.Further research shows that the application of different digital technologies will have a differentiated impact on human capital allocation.Moreover,the impact of digital transformation on human capital allocation in different departments of enterprises is also different.In addition,the digital transformation also significantly enhanced the role of human capital allocation in improving enterprise innovation ability and total factor productivity.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward relevant suggestions from the perspectives of "government","enterprise" and "laborer".