The Impact Of Artificial Intelligence On Labor Share Of Manufacturing Enterprises

With the rapid development of computer and communication industry and the formulation of "made in China 2025" development strategy,artificial intelligence has entered a period of vigorous development,the social production mode and industrial system have also changed.Artificial intelligence has a significant impact on economic growth,labor market and national income distribution pattern.Based on this context,starting from the micro level,this paper uses the relevant data of listed enterprises from 2011 to 2019 to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on the labor share of manufacturing enterprises and its action mechanism.This paper fills the gap between the existing theoretical analysis and empirical analysis,and provides empirical support for effectively coping with the impact of the development of artificial intelligence on social economy.This paper constructs the artificial intelligence density index at the enterprise level by using the "batik instrumental variable" method,and constructs the labor income share index at the enterprise level by using the concept of "added value of factor cost method".Through theoretical analysis,the impact of artificial intelligence on the labor income share of manufacturing enterprises is divided into three effects: Employment substitution effect,wage rate effect and efficiency improvement effect,Based on the analysis of the impact of artificial intelligence on the labor income share of manufacturing enterprises,this paper further studies its impact path.The research shows that on the whole,AI has a significant negative impact on the labor income share of manufacturing enterprises;Through the heterogeneity analysis of state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises,it is found that AI has a negative and significant impact on the labor income share of non-state-owned enterprises,but not on state-owned enterprises;By examining the three action paths,it is found that at present,the impact of artificial intelligence on the labor income share of manufacturing enterprises is mainly through the substitution of artificial intelligence and labor,and the wage rate effect and efficiency improvement effect are not significant.Based on the research conclusion of this paper,this paper puts forward policy suggestions to deal with the decline of labor income share caused by artificial intelligence from several aspects.First of all,we should promote the integration of artificial intelligence and industry,use new technologies such as artificial intelligence to promote the upgrading and innovation of the industrial chain,stimulate employment growth,and enable the whole society to share the achievements of the development of artificial intelligence.Secondly,while promoting the development of artificial intelligence,the government must also increase the training of skilled talents and technical personnel,and further improve the higher education system.Most importantly,the government should actively improve the income distribution policy,establish a national basic income system and provide living security for workers.