Research On Institutional Entrepreneurship Mechanism Of Emerging Market Multinational Enterprises From The Perspective Of Organizational Field

Foreign investment by multinationals is shifting to emerging markets with weak institutions.Institutional constraints encountered by Chinese enterprises in emerging markets will encourage them to conduct institutional entrepreneurship as "institutional entrepreneurs",which is actually a process of co-evolution of organization and system towards a better development direction.By selecting SAic-GM-Wuling Automobile,a representative manufacturing enterprise in Guangxi,as a sample,using the research method of the rooted theory,this paper analyzes the different institutional constraints faced by multinational enterprises in the host countries of emerging markets,analyzes the types of stakeholders that lead to their institutional constraints,and finds out the organizational fields with different corresponding strengths.Then,according to the organizational fields with different strengths,Enterprises make different strategy choices to achieve different degrees of institutional entrepreneurship,obtain the corresponding legitimacy,and finally summarize the institutional entrepreneurial strategy choice model of multinational enterprises to overcome the institutional defects of the host country.On this basis,by dividing the process of institutional entrepreneurship and combining the results of strategy selection and coding,the mechanism model of institutional entrepreneurship of transnational enterprises is obtained.The research findings are as follows:(1)For regulatory institutional constraints,facing the pressure from the government and regulatory authorities,enterprises mainly adopt social network strategy and discourse strategy as the main strategic choices in the early stage,and realize institutional entrepreneurship to a lesser extent through theoretical strategies in the middle and later stage.(2)For the constraint of normative institutions,stakeholders are industry associations and competitors.Institutional entrepreneurship can be realized through social networks and theorizing strategies in the early stage,combined with discourse strategies in the system promotion stage.(3)For cognitive institutional constraints,enterprises can overcome institutional constraints from customers,suppliers and distributors to a large extent and obtain legitimacy by combining cultural strategies with theoretical strategies.