Research On Strategy Of Fresh Agri-Food Supply Chain Alliance Under 3PL Participated

In recent years,the Chinese government has attached great importance to the development of agricultural product circulation,emphasizing the improvement of the agricultural product market circulation system and the improvement of agricultural product supply chain capacity.In order to strengthen the tight density of production and marketing,reduce losses,and improve product quality,the establishment of supply chain alliances by upstream and downstream enterprises is becoming a new mode of cooperation.However,the relatively lagging development of third-party cold chain logistics(3PL)has become a major obstacle to the alliance’s good development.As an independent operating entity,most cold chain logistics enterprises can only provide segmented cold storage/transportation services,with unstable supply sources and single profit points.Therefore,expanding supply chain services will become an inevitable choice for future business expansion.In this context,this thesis proposes that 3PL participate in the supply chain and seek to build alliances with suppliers or retailers,and then study the alliance strategy of agricultural product supply chain,which has important practical and theoretical significance.Firstly,this thesis takes a fresh agricultural product supply chain composed of a supplier,a retailer,and a 3PL as the research object.Based on the different alliance motivations of 3PL,two alliance modes are proposed: 3PL forming a sales alliance with suppliers and 3PL forming a procurement alliance with retailers.The supply chain decision-making models of two alliance modes are constructed,and the optimal freshness level,retail price,and wholesale price are solved using sequential game theory.By comparing the member profits and supply chain system profits of different alliance modes,it is identified that procurement alliance is a relatively better alliance mode.On this basis,the profit sharing and preservation cost sharing mechanisms that facilitate the formation and stability of the alliance are further explored.In order to verify the applicability of procurement alliances,retailers were extended from single source procurement to dual source procurement,and the supply chain performance under the alliance was explored.Finally,through sensitivity analysis of the changes in the preservation cost coefficient on various parameters,a numerical example compares the impact of homogeneous and heterogeneous suppliers on the establishment of cooperative alliances between retailers and 3PL and supply chain performance.The results show that: 1)For the fresh agricultural supply chain,3PL participation and alliance can improve supply chain performance,especially the procurement alliance has more advantages in improving product freshness and system profits.Incentivized by appropriate profit-sharing contracts,retailers and 3PLs actively build and maintain stable alliances.Although the optimal level of centralized decision-making cannot be achieved,under the fixed cost sharing ratio,suppliers can transfer a certain payment value to the purchasing alliance to achieve Pareto improvement and supply chain coordination.2)In the case of dual-source procurement,the alliance between retailers and 3PLs can improve product freshness,supply chain system profits and upstream supplier profits.Under the coordination of the profit sharing mechanism,the reasonable distribution of retailers’ and 3PL profits is higher than the decentralized decision-making,so as to achieve alliance stability and Pareto optimization.In addition,purchasing alliances should be wary that excessive preservation costs may lead to deterioration of decision-making results and performance of all parties,and when the upstream is a single supplier,product freshness,alliance profits and supply chain benefits are better.In actual operation,procurement risks need to be considered,and adding multiple heterogeneous suppliers can bring better benefits.