| The major national development strategy of rural revitalization has been the top priority of the Communist Party and the country since the 19thNational Congress of the Communist Party of China（CPC）."Opinions of the State Council on the Key Efforts to Comprehensively Promote Rural Revitalization in 2022,"or the Central Document No.1 of 2022 pointed out that the development of rural revitalization relies on local special resources.Industries with obvious county advantages,strong driving force and large employment capacity are to be developed to create more jobs nearby and deliver local prosperity.At the same time,building rural talent pools is a vital part of the great cause of rural revitalization as well as an important booster to build a well-off society.Rural tourism,generally speaking,creates a large number of jobs by means of local resources and the growth of related industries.In reality,however,most of China’s rural areas are facing"hollowing out"due to population loss.As such,it has become a crucial issue to study what factors drive talents back to rural tourism destinations and how to attract labor back to their hometowns for employment and entrepreneurship.The purpose of this paper was to implement the "Theory of Issues Concerning Agriculture,Countryside and Farmers"put forward by General Secretary Xi Jinping,to accelerate the sustainable development of rural revitalization in China,and to provide a development path for the building of rural labor pool conditions.This study was composed of six parts.First of all,in the introduction,the research background and significance,research purpose and method were expounded,and the essential content and innovation of the research were interpreted in brief.In the second place,by sorting out and summarizing relevant literature results,the national policies,basic theories,basic principles,relevant research and practical results about the willingness of residents in rural tourism destinations to return to their hometowns for employment at home and abroad were obtained.Thirdly,the willingness to return to the hometowns for employment was selected as the explained variable,which was expanded on the basis of the theory of planned behavior.Taking the behavioral attitude,subjective norm,perceived behavioral control,perceived benefit,trust of migrant labor in the government,and local attachment of rural tourism destination residents returning to their hometowns for employment as explanatory variables in the research model,the selected variables were sorted and summarized by relevant domestic and foreign theories and research results.Consequently,the construction of a theoretical model of the study was achieved.Furthermore,taking the outbound residents of the rural tourist destination in Langzhong,Sichuan Province as the research object,a questionnaire survey was conducted to collect research data.Introduce the definition,characteristics,research steps and analysis parameters of Fuzzy-set Qualitative comparative analysis.What’s more,based on SPSS26.0 and AMOS27.0,the questionnaire was tested for reliability and validity.Data calibration and prerequisite analysis were performed using fs QCA 3.0 software.Afterwards,adopting the construction of truth table and Boolean minimization,the path leading to residents’willingness to return to their hometowns for employment was drawn.Through further analysis of the path combinations that lead residents of rural tourism destinations to return to their hometowns for employment,the formation patterns of return intentions with different explanatory variables as the main driving factors were revealed and summarized,and perform robustness tests.Last but not least,the basic conclusions obtained were composed of 4 points,namely:（1）Among all the uni-variate variables,the consistency of the attitudes of residents of rural tourism destinations and local attachments on the intention to return hometowns for employment is relatively high.However,none of the antecedent variables alone constitutes a necessary condition for a high willingness to return hometowns for employment.（2）The 64 possible paths of the six selected antecedent variables were refined and the 21 output configurations were subjected to Boolean minimization operations to produce a complex solution of the rural tourism destinations residents’willingness to return hometowns for employment.These seven configurations together well-explained the main reasons why residents in rural tourism destinations had the desire to return to their hometowns for employment.（3）Attitudes,subjective norms,local attachment,perceived benefits and government trust are all present as core conditions in the five outcome configurations,with attitudes appearing most frequently.As a marginal condition in all outcome configurations,perceived behavioral control plays a minor role in the mechanisms that shape residents’willingness to return hometowns for employment.（4）According to the core conditions under which each configuration works,the willingness of residents in rural tourism destinations to return to their hometowns for employment can be categorized into four patterns,namely,the’Attitude-driven Model’,the’Emotion-integrated Model’,the’Positive Perception Model’and the’External Trust Model’.The research results of this paper were expected to provide a theoretical reference for the in-depth research of the return-home mechanism and the government’s formulation of return-hometown employment attraction policies. |
