Study On Stability Measurement And Influencing Factors Of Poverty-Alleviation Households In Tibet

In 2020,under the guidance of various policies of the Communist Party of China,China’s poverty alleviation has achieved remarkable results,a well-off society has been built in an all-round way,and poor households have achieved comprehensive poverty alleviation.It marks the historical elimination of absolute poverty and regional overall poverty that have plagued the Chinese nation for thousands of years.Our party has taken a solid step in uniting and leading the people of all ethnic groups to achieve common prosperity.However,from the perspective of the centennial goal,it is not enough to eliminate absolute poverty and regional overall poverty under the current standards,but more importantly,to achieve stable poverty alleviation.Only by achieving stable poverty alleviation can we ensure that the achievements of poverty alleviation are consolidated and expanded,can we make up for the shortcomings of poverty and create a good development environment for the continuous development of the rural revitalization strategy.Therefore,in the “post-2020” era,it is of great necessity and urgency to carry out research on the stable poverty alleviation of poverty-stricken farmers.As a southwestern border area,ethnic minority enclave,and formerly deep poverty-stricken area,Tibet has achieved complete poverty alleviation at the end of 2019,but Tibet is located in the first step of China.There are many cold and anoxic climates,natural disasters,and harsh living environments,which makes it extremely difficult for Tibetan poverty-stricken households to achieve stable poverty alleviation in the post-2020 era.Therefore,in order to better help Tibet’s poverty-stricken households to achieve stable poverty alleviation,this paper selects the whole Tibet as the research area,and takes 385 micro-data of poverty-stricken households as the research sample.According to the logical thinking from the outside to the inside,the first step is to evaluate the stability of poverty alleviation “incomes above the poverty line;not worries about food and clothing;securing access to compulsory education,basic medical services and safe housing”.Then,based on the perspective of livelihood capital,taking the five types of livelihood capital of nature,material,finance,society and human capital as the evaluation framework,the evaluation index system of poverty alleviation stability is constructed,and then the entropy method and natural breakpoint method are used to measure and classify the poverty alleviation stability index.Finally,the multiple linear regression analysis method is used to analyze the factors affecting the stability of poverty alleviation in Tibet,in order to find out the core factors affecting the stability of poverty alleviation in Tibet,and put forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions to improve the stability of poverty alleviation.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)At present,the stability of poverty alleviation in Tibet is strong in the three aspects of “incomes above the poverty line;not worries about food and clothing;securing access to compulsory education,basic medical services and safe housing”.That is,from the perspective of three different annual per capita net income standards,the proportion of stable poverty alleviation households is94.81%,94.29% and 86.75% respectively.From the aspects of family food adequacy,family clothing and shoes adequacy,family cold bedding adequacy,etc.,the poverty-stricken households in the state of “stable poverty alleviation”accounted for 68.57%,69.35% and 71.69% respectively;from the aspects of whether to drop out of school in the compulsory education stage,whether to participate in the medical insurance for urban and rural residents,and housing safety,88.83% of the poverty-stricken households did not drop out of school in the compulsory education stage,99.22% of the poverty-stricken households participated in the medical insurance for urban and rural residents,and 96.36%of the poverty-stricken households were safe in housing.(2)From the perspective of livelihood capital,the average value of the comprehensive index of poverty alleviation stability of poverty alleviation households in Tibet is 0.365,and the overall stability of poverty alleviation is weak and the risk of returning to poverty is large.At the same time,the individual difference of poverty alleviation households is significant,and the maximum value of the comprehensive index of poverty alleviation stability is about 7 times the minimum value;and the stability of poverty alleviation in the social and financial capital dimensions is strong,while the stability of poverty alleviation in the human,natural and material capital dimensions is weak.(3)In general,the proportion of various types of poverty alleviation stability of poverty alleviation households in Tibet is relatively balanced;the comprehensive index of poverty alleviation stability shows a “water droplet”distribution structure that transitions from high value to low value,and 17.92%of the surveyed households are still relatively unstable and at greater risk of returning to poverty.(4)The six indicators of skill training,borrowing possibility,communicative ability,participation in industrial poverty alleviation projects,proportion of transfer income and housing type are the core factors affecting the stability of poverty alleviation in Tibet;at the same time,the five influencing factors of skill training,borrowing possibility,communicative ability,participation in industrial poverty alleviation projects and housing type are positively correlated with the comprehensive index of poverty alleviation stability at the 1% level.The influencing factor index of the proportion of transfer income is negatively correlated with the comprehensive index of poverty alleviation stability at the 1% level.The influencing factor index of the number of family laborers is positively correlated with the comprehensive index of poverty alleviation stability at the 5% level.The influencing factor index of the distance from the nearest county is negatively correlated with the comprehensive index of poverty alleviation stability at the 5% level.The index of natural disaster susceptibility is negatively correlated with the comprehensive index of poverty alleviation stability at the 10% level.(5)According to the above research conclusions,it is proposed to strengthen the skills training of poverty-stricken households and promote their ability.Strengthen the propaganda of financial knowledge and build a modern financial system;help poverty-stricken households to build a sound social network and enhance their communicative competence;guide more poverty-stricken households to participate in industrial poverty alleviation projects and increase their household income;continue to enhance the endogenous motivation of poverty alleviation households;strengthen infrastructure construction,improve the quality of life of poverty-stricken households and other countermeasures and suggestions to enhance the stability of poverty alleviation.