| Non-ferrous metallurgy industry is the national economy foundation industry, which plays a vital role in the national economy and the society development. With the development of non-ferrous metallurgy industry, in the process of production it consume a lot of water and mineral resources, also it produces much terrible gas and waste water. Activated carbons are important kind of porous material with abundantly developed pores having strong adsorption ability and high surface area. They are widely used in the non-ferrous metallurgy industry for separation and purification. The selection of an appropriate precursor and production processes palys an important role in deciding the characteristics of activated carbons as well as the economics of manufacturing plant. Towards which, different biomass were used as the raw materials. It is introduced in this paper that a new technique for realizing resource comprehensive utilization.Biomass has received widespread attention for its advantages of abundance resources and renewable. Biomass thermo-chemical conversion is one of the most effective ways of energy conversion. The application of microwave can not only effectively reduce the energy consumption during the thermal chemical conversion process, but also improve the characteristics of pyrolysis products.In view of the previous single use of pyrolysis products and pyrolysis efficiency difference, a global harmful biomass Eupatorium adenophorum was used; comprehensive utilization of solid, liquid, gas product technology via microwave thermal chemical conversion was studied in this work, and new process routes are established.The meaningful conclusions are obtained.The thermogravimetric analysis is used to study the Eupatorium adenophorum thermal decomposition, the effect of the microwave pyrolysis conditions on the product distribution and properties solid, liquid, gas product distribution and properties was systematic studied.Eupatorium adenophorum is a kind of good absorbing material, its heating rate increased with the rising of temperature in the microwave field. Also, the Microwave pyrolysis temperature, power and additive has a great influence on the products distribution, high temperature is good for gas product yield, more bio-oil are obtained under high power output (600℃, 1500W), adding alkali metal salt and metal oxide are contribution for the solid product yield.The carbon content of the pyrolysis chars are over 70%, with the calorific value about 25-29 MJ/kg, while the H2, CO and light hydrocarbon are the main content of the pyrolysis gas, the syngas content as high as 81.99 vol.%are obtained at the microwave temperature of 700℃, which is a high-quality gas fuel with calorific value about 20.75-22.74 MJ/Nm3. Bio-oil also has a high calorific value, which can be used as liquid fuel by improving the stability and the physical and chemical properties.Based on the pyrolytic carbon has a certain pore structure, it is used as a precursor for the preparation of activated carbon by different activation technology (conventional heating and microwave heating). The effect of active agent (steam and CO2) flow rate, activation duration and activation temperature on the properties of activated carbon were studied, and the optimal process conditions were obtained. Take advantage of microwave heating, the rapid reaction with activator, open the pyrolytic carbon surface and internal channel, further improve the performance of activated carbon, significantly reduced adsorption energy consumption activation process compared with conventional heating activation.For the first the hydrogen rich fuel gas was obtained during the activation process, gas density and calorific value were 0.51 kg/m3 and 17.34 MJ/Nm3 via the activation of steam and the hydrogen content is 70.5 vot.%, while gas density and calorific value were 0.7 kg/m3 and 16.91 MJ/Nm3 were obtained by the CO2 activation and the hydrogen content is 55.97 vot.%. The gas fuel of steam activation of which density is lower ant the calorific value is higher, which are convenient for storage and transportation.Based on the principle of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), the emulsifying conditions on the physical and chemical properties of Bio-oil/ Diesel oil emulsification fuel were studied in this study. The most stable emulsion are obtained at the optimal process:a HLB value of 7.5 of Span-80 and Tween-80 compound emulsifier, a emulsifier content of 5%, a bio-oil content of 15%, a emulsifying temperature of 40 ℃, a emulsifying duration of 5 minutes, a agitator rotational speed of 3600 r/min.The emulsification fuel can be stable more than 15 days, after 4 months no obvious stratification was found, which fully shows the business application possibility as a kind of emulsified fuel.In conclusion, microwave pyrolysis of biomass Eupatorium adenophorum treatment and improving the economic value of the pyrolysis products were systematically studied in this thesis. Microwave pyrolysis was used in the former part, which realized the comprehensive utilization on resources of solid, liquid and gas three-phase products, and could obviously increase the resource utilization. Microwave heating was used to preparation the activated carbon from pyrolysis char in the latter part, the preparation of activated carbon shows a good adsrobtion and well pore structure, and may reduce the energy consumption and lower pollution. What’s more, the activation fuel gas was analysied for the first time, which can obviously reduce the air pollution and turn the waste into treasure. High qualitie of bio-oil were obtained by emulsifying process, which result into a excellent stability of emulsified fuel. An effective method for thermo-chemical conversion technology and comprehensive utilization of biomass are provided in this work.
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