| Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of death in developed countries. It remains the leading cause of death in the United States with more than 40% of all deaths each year directly attributed to the disease. More and more risk factors are manifested in correlation with CHD. Smoking, alcohol, obesity, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus are important modifiable risk factors for the development and progress of cardiovascular disease. Early identification and aggressive modification of risk factors offer the most promising approach to reducing the burden of CHD. The third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) in adults (Adult Treatment Panel HI) had focus it's attention on primary prevention with the cluster of CHD risk factors, and identifies diabetes as the equivalent of CHD, lower treatment target goals, emphasizes on the metabolic syndrome (MS). Components of the metabolic syndrome include abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, procoagulant and proinflammation state, all of them can increase the risk of CHD. There is so high morbidity of CHD in Xinjiang, it is a new way to prevent atherosclerosis on studying the risk factors with CHD and association of PAI-1 gene, ACE gene polymorphisms in the races of the Uygur and the Hans in Xinjiang. This study from the view of the metabolic syndrome was further support forthe relationship between CHD and the cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, and defined the association between CHD and polymorphism at the PAI-1 gene and the ACE gene in ethnic difference.Part IStudy of the Risk Factors with Coronary Heart Disease in the Races of the Uygur and the Hans in XinjiangPurpose To explore the prevalence of the cluster of cardiovascular risk factors in ethnic difference, insulin resistance and CHD risk factors were analysed in the races of the Uygur and the Hans in Xinjiang.Methods Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin release test was used to measure concentration of blood glucose and insulin before and after oral 75g glucose in Oh, 0.5h, Ih, 2h and 3h, while lipids, height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference and blood pressure were recorded in 164 subjects with CHD and 115 controls. HOMA IR and HOMA IS were calculated by Homeostasis model assessment (the Homa model). The metabolic syndrome was defined by World Health Organization (WHO) Consultation in 1998.Results 1) It was a high morbidity of the metabolic syndrome (54% vs. 66.7%, P<0.01) and diabetes (52.0% vs. 64.0%, P<0.01) and lower insulin sensitivity (204.02?80.43 vs. 258.09?05.66, P < 0.01), significant fasting and post-glucose load glycaemia in persons with CHD in the Uygur and the Hans than normal controls. There were significant differences of weight (78.06?2.69 vs. 72.32?2.03) kg and body mass index (27.29?.53 vs. 25.61?.42) kg/m2 in the two ethnic patients with CHD, P<0.01. Weight, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) as well as total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were increased when the insulin resistance became heavier, P< 0.05. 2) In the population with insulin resistance, the Uygur increased?6 ?significantly in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and WHR, whereas the Hans mainly showed the elevated total cholesterol (TC) and raised low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), P<0.01. 3) Age (OR=1.091), Alcohol (OR=2.53), hypertension (OR=2.36) and diabetes mellitus (OR=2.47) were correlation with CHD by Logistic Regression. Gender (male, OR=24.78), diabetes mellitus (OR=32.57) and the metabolic syndrome (OR= 11.81) were highly correlation with myocardial infarction. So the cluster of risk factors on the basis of the metabolic syndrome was the feature in persons with CHD in the two ethnic.Part IIStudy of PAI-1 Gene Polymorphism Associated with Coronary Heart Disease and It's Risk FactorsPurpose to analyze the relationship between plasmingogen activater inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) gene 4G/5G polymorphism and CHD as we...
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