| Background: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the United States and in the majority of Western countries. Each year, more than 750,000 people in the United States experience a sudden cardiac event, such as an acute coronary syndrome(ACD) or sudden cardiac death. Acute coronary syndrome is often associated with thrombus formation within a coronary artery. Over the past decade, it has become recognized that rupture of a vulnerable plaque, which consists of a big lipid core covered by a thin fibrous cap with ongoing inflammation, is a major cause of thrombus formation leading to acutecoronary syndrome. Recently, much research and effort has gone into the characterization and tndentiflcation of those coronary atherosclerotic plaques that are at high risk of causing an acute coronary syndrome.Acute coronary syndrome is so called "Xiongbi (胸痹 ) " and "Zhenxintong(真心痛) in Traditional Chinese Medcial(TCM). Blood stasis plays a very important role in it's progression. Activating blood circulation and removing stasis is one of the most common used therapeutical principle in TCM. It does have curative effects. Many researches reported that herbs characterized as activating blood circulation and removing stasis can restrain atherosclerotic plaque progression by regulating lipids metabolism, anti-platelet-adhesion -reaction, improving blood viscidity, restraining vascular muscle cells proliferation and so on. But there is no systematic reports about their effects on stabling plaques. In our research, six activating blood and removing stasis herbs and Xiongshao capsular were chosen to observe their effects on atherosclerotic plaque stabilization and their mechanism. Methods and results: Ninety five hospitalized patients suffered from acute coronary syndrome were chosen in our clinic research. Their diagnoses in TCM and herbs recipes imformation were recorded by computers.In experimental study, one hundred ApoE-gene-deficent mice aged 6 to 8 weeks were fed with "Western type" diet, containing 21% fat and0.15% cholesterol, for 13 weeks. Then, mice were divided into 9 groups randomly and each received no-medicine, simvastatin, Rsdix Salvia Miltiorrhizae, Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Radix Notoginseng, Wine Steamed Radix et Rhizome, Semen Persicae and Xiongshao capsule treatments. After 13 weeks treatment, all mice were killed, blood was obtained and aorta roots were sectioned. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), masson, sinrus red staining were used for morphological investigation. Lipid core area, plaque area, minimum fibrous cap thickness, collagen area, collagen type I and III were measured using the Image Pro software. Blood lipids including total cholesterol (TO, triglyeride(TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C) were detected. Serum high sensitive C-reaction-proteinase(hs-CRP) level was detected by uzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Expression of CD68, monocyte chemoattractant proteini (MCP-1), tumor necrosis factora(TNF-α), matrix metalloproteinases1(MMP-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinasei (TIMP-1) and transforming growth factor 3 i(TGF- 3 1) were detected with immunohistochemistry staining.Results: Our clinic investigation shows that Blood-stasis syndrome is the most common one of ACS in TCM diagnoses. Qi-deficiency syndrome and Dampness syndrome always combine with it. Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Rsdix Salvia Miltiorrhizae, Angelica Sinensis, Semen Persicae, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Carthamus Tinctorius L, Rehmannia Glutinosa Libosch, Radix et Rhizome and Radix Notoginseng are the most common used herbs.Experimental study shows that through morphological research six herbs and Xiongshao capsule can hold atherosclerotic plaque progression and stabilization by reducing the lipid core area and plaque area, accelerating minimum fibrous cap thickness and collagen area. They all can regulate lipids metabolism in certain distance. Wine Steamed Radix et Rhizome and simvastatin can...
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