A Study On The Structure Of Chinese Characters

Chinese characters evolved from the original hieroglyphic ideographs, which individual is a complete symbol with sound and meaning, it is the perfect expression of thousands of years of ancient and modern Chinese. With the advent of the technological age, it was found that both the objective reality and the cultural symbols, their basic rules are combination: we use limited rules to combinate unlimited structures. Only 7 notes can be expressed a fantastic world of music; and only 10 Arabic numerals can express the endless number; 100 kinds of elements can be constructed vastness of the universe. We are surprised to find that the use of the world, almost all of the text to follow this rule. Greek alphabet has 24, Latin 26, 28 Arabic alphabet, Cyrillic alphabet has 33, saying the mother has 40 characters, is the limited number of letters, to rely on a combination, as the perfect expression of their complicated natural language. As mankind enters the information age, the superior combination of more pronounced. Character appears to be some "alien", used the word 3500, word 7000 General, tens of thousands of words can be used. Such a large writing system, not to mention the people to grasp and apply it, is the use of computers to deal with it, is quite difficult. Troublesome is the fact that Chinese characters, the problem is there is no way to fix it. Since it is a combination of natural law, then the character is also implicit in this rule it? If not, then it can be artificially designed it? Analysis of the structure of Chinese characters, to explore the structural components of Chinese characters, Chinese characters found "limited" structure symbol system, then the character is "combination" of the rules. This is the original intention of this paper.This paper attempts to sort out the previous successful experience in analyzing the structure of Chinese characters, and according to it we try to explore the structure of symbol systems. Early from the teaching of Chinese ligatures when the structural analysis of Chinese characters has already begun, but were merely personal accidental. But this is an idea, from the analytical structure of Chinese characters on the first of its kind. Chinese Chun Qiu period, the analyses of the structure of Chinese characters is no longer a "private matter" of heritage Chinese characters , which has become a social atmosphere, only needs the summarize of the wise men. To the Eastern Han Dynasty, China's earliest writing scientist Xu Shen, resolved by the thinking of the ancestors of Chinese characters. He conducted a comprehensive analysis on the only "ancient writing"– Xiaozhuan and he create a system of Chinese character structure analysis theory– "Liu Shu" which is defined in the Private methods of the theory of the original text, but the objective is to achieve the purpose of analyzing the structure of Chinese characters. With the understanding of modern way, we can say that in " Liu Shu " the structural component is the radical, approach is to analyze the structure of figure, refer to things, knowing, shape the sound. Later scholars in the following two thousand years, they go on the in-depth study, which made not only the theory itself is getting more sophisticated, modern scholars have further proposed a "San Shu", "Si Shu", "Wu Shu" and " Qi Shu "," Ba Shu"and so on, Some people even try to use this heory to analyze the foreign original text.In the traditional Chinese structural analysis theory, the radical is essential. It is not only widely used in Chinese teaching literacy, is also used in the sort and retrieve Chinese characters creatively, which promote the development of lexicography. This concept is called a traditionally recognized component of a Chinese character in the dictionary. Radical is classified as a typical well-chosen characters and radical, it is not strictly the concept of structural components of Chinese characters, but only the radical selectively applied. A character, in theory, only has one radical, so radical is not the appropriate way to structure the system.When the Chinese characters change into"Kai Shu"from"Liu Shu", Chinese calligraphy areas of concern about the physical structure of Chinese characters is much higher than the Chinese characters of the physical structure of the field of attention with the need of writing. Gradually, Chinese calligraphy first discovered the smallest structural units - strokes. This concept in the eyes of Chinese characters researchers is the most basic structural components element, which can not be re-analyzed. The constructions of the strokes are the combinations of strokes, which can be describing as 3 kinds, they are the separating, the joining and the contraction.When the simplication happened,Chinese characters has became completely symbolic. It is out of date if we still use the"Liu Shu"theory Modern Chinese scholars generally accept the idea of Western philology science and began to a purely theorem point of view of structure of Chinese characters, They put forward the scientific and practical character "parts" theory."Parts"are also structural components of Chinese characters as well as the"radicals". But the radical is based on the rationale analyzed, there are sound with meaning, structure, large blocks, in the top of the hierarchy structure of Chinese characters middle; component is based on structural analysis of Chinese characters out of shape, can have sound and meaning, can also be no sound and meaning, structure, smaller blocks, in the middle of a hierarchy of the underlying characters. If the stroke unit as the smallest building blocks, known as the basic components, then the structure of the radical is the largest block of strokes can also be seen as the largest composite parts. Components are structured mainly single structure, so the structure, the upper and lower structures, surrounded by the structure, framework structure. "Parts" theory is the core structure of modern Chinese characters, it is the teaching of literacy in Chinese characters, Chinese characters sort retrieval, information processing of Chinese characters have a wide range of uses.Contemporary Chinese studies scholars generally believe that part is to build a modern Chinese characters "limited" structure appropriate symbol system selection. However, the current "parts" theory is not mature enough, teaching literacy in Chinese characters, Chinese characters sort retrieval, information processing of Chinese characters is not the main application areas such as unified. Therefore, to further explore the components of the essential nature of Chinese characters, Chinese characters components to establish a complete and unified application system, is the structure of modern Chinese priority.