In The Educated Class In The Lu Xun,

The modern Chinese society with increased deposit of poverty and weakness made Lu Xun ponder constantly the issue of reform of the status quo-the modernization of the country. This is actually the matter of human beings: upper above was the ruthless ruling class; at the bottom were the weakling and the unwashed mass; along with the disagreements among the intellectuals. Accordingly, Lu Xun's thoughts could be manifested in three aspects: revolution, enlightenment and debate. The task of revolution was firstly aimed at the ruling class, which was the common goal of the intellectuals with Lu Xun as one of them. Enlightenment was the cause that Lu Xun stuck to, since the reform of societal and cultural ideology needed the co-operation of the mass. The interior problems of the intellectuals included the various ideological conflicts between the individuals, fractions, individual and collectives; the effective solution to the problems was the debate.The exploration of the intellectual issues did not mean that Lu Xun had got the solutions, the quest for which accompanied him throughout his life.The dissertation consists of three chapters. Chapter One explores the early writings which deals with the roles of the intellectuals hi the socio-cultural movements. Lu Xun classified the intellectuals worldwide into "hypocritical" and "spiritual" intellectuals which was the yardstick of modern intellectuals for the Chinese intellectuals. Lu Xun established the gauge between "Bai Xin" and "new voice".Chapter Two deals with the issues of Lu Xun's search of Chinese social revolution and the position of intellectuals in the revolution. To solve the problems, the intellectuals themselves were neither well-prepared nor did they have any ready-made experience and theories, which required the intellectuals to devote themselves to the search for the new voice.Chapter Three is concerned with Lu Xun's revelation and criticism of the different intellectuals from the three debates. In the debate with The Modern Critics, Lu Xun himself was foremost a victim, then an image of intellectual with no fear of the ruling class. Though in an inferior position, he bravely disclosed that the anti-reform action of the neo-intellects, who claimed themselves as "decent gentlemen" and "privileged intellects", was that the "new idea" trapped into the pit of the "old trick".hi the Revolutionary Literary debate, Lu Xun was the target to have been attacked. But he understood the intention of those "descendants of the declined families" from the Creativity Society was trying to enter into the center of culture from the edge, but some members were "poisoned" by the combination of "talent and hooligans", the mistakes lying in the use of the revolutionary literary slogan to enable themselves to become the "egocentrics with new sign".In disbanding Left Wing Witer Union, Zhou Yang's power under the name of the society submerged Lu Xun's voice, their dispute focused on the disagreement on factionism and party-principles. Zhou Yang's wrong ways of frightening and prosecuting with advantageous positions revealed the ideological difference between the independent intellectuals and the organizers. Debate is the manifestation of Lu Xun' "Bat Xin" and also the process of weeding the path. Though his actions of participating in the debate was heroic in a sense, actually his remarks were mistaken for the saying that "intellectuals despise each other".